Criticism Of Political Rationalism And Its Contemporary Significance

Since the Enlightenment,mankind has found a key-rationality for controlling his own life,and has since opened a new chapter in human history.Rationality gradually develops from the natural sciences to the social sciences into a trend of rationalism,which is concretely manifested in the political world and becomes political rationalism.Rationalism in the last century has even become the vane of politics for all "good" beings,whether they are British empiricism or continental theory.Not only our political achievements,political virtues are rationalism,but also our political issues run through the shadow of rationalism.Combining the manifestations of political rationalism in different periods,such as Burke,Marx,Frankfurt School,Oakeshott,etc.,they have profoundly criticized the political rationalism.It points out that the rationalism of the modern rationalist's beliefs deviates from the initial skepticism of rationality,and the procedural,mechanization,standardization and quantification of political activities are the unprecedented pursuit of rational "form"and the excessive advocating of logical deduction.This article first revolves around the concepts of rationality,political rationality,rationalism and political rationalism.Rationality was originally derived from the contemplation of "primitiveness" by the natural philosophers of ancient Greece.In Plato,rational development became a reasoning ability,and after Enlightenment,it possessed new connotation of cognitive ability.Rationalism was established In the recognition of human reasoning can be used as a source of knowledge based on a trend of thought.The use of rationalist ideology in the political field has produced political rationalism,which is not the same as the political rationality that originated in ancient Greek political thought.After clarifying the connotation and characteristics of the related concepts,the second part of the dissertation clarifies the origin of criticism of political rationalism and combs the relevant representative critical theories:Burke's bounded rationality politics stems from his theory of rational ability It is doubtful that this is of great practical significance to China,which is now in the period of social transition and rapid development.In the course of criticizing state rationality,Marx formed a new type of rationalism based on realistic people and their practice.The remolding of political rationality has profound meanings.The Frankfurt School pointed out to Western industrial society that the problem of political rationality lies in the break of instrumental rationality and value rationality,the reflections on the relationship between instrumental rationality and value rationality.The British political philosopher Oak Short criticized the modern politics as inexperienced and anti-traditional dogmatic politics and revealed the technical rationality of political rationalism through criticism.Marx not only criticized political rationalism,but more importantly,he established a new concept of rationality.Therefore,compared with several other representatives,Marx's critique theory is more thorough.Finally,through the combing of the above-mentioned critical theories of political rationalism by philosophers,under the guidance of materialist dialectics,combined with the concrete reality of our country,the practical significance of the three points to China is summarized.First,political rationality and political tradition are not Secondly,in the process of applying reason,the balance between instrumental rationality and value rationality must be maintained;third,the "good" state administration needs to combine the rule of law and rule of virtue A combination of reason and virtue together in the governance of the country.