On Guizhou Miaos's Cultural Ecological Research On The Basis Of The Codex Of "Baimiaotu" From Italian Library's Holdings

Ethnography,as a kind of special historical document,have great value on research,among which the most representative materials are series of codices of“Baimiaotu”(Sketches of the Miau-tsze)formed since Qing Dynasty.The holding collected by the library of Italian Geographical Association both have inheritance and revision comparing to other versions globally.It is a valuable“cultural ecological data bank”,which reflects many minority groups'cultural ecology in Guizhou in the early 20~thh century.This version not only presents shapes,functions and operation details of traditional production and living tools of minority groups in Guizhou,but also records cultural ecological information from different types of livelihood.It is too numerous and jumbled to finish the cultural ecological interpretation of all minority groups in this holding because of complicated and varied ecotypes in Guizhou.This paper just tries to choose only three typical Miao's lineages living in different ecological environments in Guizhou as the objects of the study.It tries to analyze the ecological adaptation function of these three groups'traditional producing and living tools on the basis of the theory of cultural dual adaptation,combing historical classics with modern field works in order to make restoration of their traditional life in early 20~thh century,and explanation on harmonious evolution between cultural items and related ecological systems.This research not only can provide new cases and reasonable analysis mode,but also lay a solid foundation on coevolution of culture and environment,so as to make a deeper recognition on ecological ethnology theories.Nowadays,though the historical procedures could not be duplicated,these image records may provide reliable evidences on the formation of ethnic cultures and its cultural ecology process,and references for today's ecological civilization construction.