Research On Socialized Governance Of Public Security At The Grass-roots Level Since The Song Dynasty

Socialized governance of public order means the process of maintaining social peace and stability that the public security organs,follow the principle of combination of specialized groups and the comprehensive management of public security to organize and mobilize all sectors of society to effectively carry out policing activities under the framework of the modernization of the national governance and governance capacity.It is not only the requirement of the modernization of national governance system and governance ability in the field of public security,but also the new proposition and task of the public security organs in the new era.The status of socialized governance of public security at the grass-roots level determines the overall situation of socialized governance of public security,because of the characteristics of grass-roots units.At present,the research on the socialization of public security at the grass-roots level is almost blank,which needs to be explored from the current practice of public security and summed up from the ancient Chinese public security tradition.In ancient China,especially since the Song Dynasty,there has been a tradition of socialized governance of public order at the grass-roots level.The most typical form is Baojia,which continued for thousands of years.Although Baojia is a lowlevel and primary form of socialized governance of public security,the rich historical data of the practice of Baojia in the past thousand years can still provide valuable resources for us to explore the socialized governance of public security at the grass-roots level theoretically.To a certain extent,the research of this thesis has made up the blank of the research on the socialized governance of public order at the grass-roots level.This paper examines the general situation of implementing the socialized governance of public order in Baojia at the grass-roots level from Song to Qing Dynasty.It is pointed out that there are four aspects of experience in implementing the socialized governance of public order at the grass-roots level since the Song Dynasty as follows.First,mobilizing the public participation is the fundamental content of the socialized governance of public order at the grass-roots level.Second,organizing the grass-roots establishment of Baojia and establishing the connection between county government and grass-roots social organizations is the system of socialized governance of basic level public order..Third,the implementation of comprehensive mutual assistance is an effective way for the socialization of public security at the grass-roots level by the integration of Baojia with social organizations like rural conventions,families,clubs,voluntary storehouses and voluntary learning.Fourth,the formulation of laws is the legal guarantee for the socialization of public order at the grass-roots level.However,Baojia was a primary and lowlevel form of socialized governance of public order at the grass-roots level under the ancient conditions,which is essentially different from the current socialized governance of public order at the grass-roots level,and there are the following lessons to be drawn.Firstly,compulsory participation of the public by Baojia with no respect for social will,it had an undeserved reputation.Secondly,without political power at the grass-roots level,it was impossible to supervise and manage Baojia effectively,which led to the deterioration of Baojia.Thirdly,the emphasis was more on obligations but less on rights,which influenced the enthusiasm of Baojia members.Fourthly,the emphasis on public security did not fully and effectively maintain public order at the grass-roots level.These eventually led to a mere formality,which makes the limited effect of socialized governance of basic public order.According to the above experiences and lessons,we should pay attention to the following aspects.Respecting and guiding the social will is the key to carry out the socialization of public order governance.Promoting the socialization of the public order at the grass-roots level by constructing the organization system of led by the CPC committee and government,responsible by the public security organ with the assistance of all departments and the participation of all kinds of social public security subjects.Comprehensively coordinating the administrative departments in various fields,as well as social and market organizations at the grass-roots level to carry out the socialized governance of public order at the grass-roots level through comprehensive management.Guiding the society to pay attention to the source of governance by giving play to the advantages of various social organizations being familiar with the situation at the grass-roots level and responding quickly and promptly.In the clear public security obligations at the same time,giving different social security organizations to the corresponding security rights according to the obligations and rights of equal for the practice of public security socialization to provide legal protection.