On Sun Yat-sen's Thought Of Provincial Autonomy

The provincial autonomy was once Sun Yat-sen's most ideal state-building plan.Its provincial autonomy ideology includes both federalism and local autonomy.In the 1920 s,under the shadow of long-term splits and civil wars,how did the country resolve the issue of national reunification? There were two different approaches: centralization of power and provincial autonomy.After Yuan Shikai destroyed the rule of ruling the country and claimed emperors,the people hated centralization.The provincial autonomous movement was set up,and the provinces formulated the constitution of the provincial constitution and the province to be introduced.However,as the provinces were controlled by the local warlords and the constitution of the provincial government was bribed,the autonomy of the province became a tool for political forces in various localities.In particular,the defeat of the law enforcement movement made Sun Yat-sen realize that the revolutionary party has lost the ability to control the current situation.To restructure the Kuomintang to become the largest party in the National Assembly,Sun Yat-sen accepted political support from the Soviet Union and the Chinese Communist Party,and he advocated strengthening the Kuomintang by administering the country through the party.Political status,giving up the route of self-government in the province.Chen Jiongming's commitment to the autonomous development of the Province of Guangdong Province is very different from Sun Yat-sen's concept of the unification of the Northern Expedition.This has led to great disagreements between the two,and it has also made Sun Yat-sen's attitude towards the autonomy of the Province of the United Provinces extremely offensive.From the perspective of time,Sun Yat-sen's attitude towards the self-government of the province experienced a transition from support to vagueness to opposition.This has a lot to do with the political situation in China at that time.It is precisely based on the understanding of the changes in the political situation in China that Sun Yat-sen learned the key to resolving the issue of reunification,and also promoted Sun Yat-sen to sublimate his constitutional ideology centered on local autonomy.Sun Yat-sen opposed the federal system and changed the unit of local self-government,but did not abandon local self-government and provincial self-government,but achieved a change in the path.Sun Yat-sen's national constitutional government is expected to gradually realize the three phases of sub-military,political,and constitutional government.It is a top-down approach: it is a prerequisite for the completion of national reunification in the military-political period;the period of training is the intermediate link,and the county is the core unit.The implementation of local self-government,and then achieve provincial autonomy;the constitutional stage is to formulate a national constitution based on the realization of provincial autonomy,and thus embarked on the road to constitutionalism.Sun Yat-sen's late-year right-to-weight claims have only stayed at the ideal stage and have failed to be implemented in laws and regulations.The Nanjing National Government promoted the process of local self-government according to the plan of Sun Yat-sen's self-government by counties.Although it has not been achieved in the end,it has greatly inspired the development of constitutional government.