Theory,norms And Practices Of Minority Language Rights

Language is an important part of a national culture.With the development of society and the progress of globalization,more and more languages have been assimilated.At the same time,the linguistic diversity has been threatened,and human civilization has suffered tremendous losses.With the international community's attention and research on human rights,more and more scholars have begun to study the issue of language rights.It has been internationally recognized that language rights belong to the basic human rights,and the legal issues of language rights have also been discussed in more depth.There are many international discussions on language rights and language policies,but there are relatively few researches in this area in domestic.Although there are also studies on language rights in China,the research on minority rights and language policies is far from adequate.Language rights include the right to use,to choose and to develop,etc.They can also be divided into basic language rights,common language rights,tolerant language rights,and promotional language rights.Using these four categories,a hierarchical analysis of language use,choice,and development rights can be made,so that language rights can be studied from different levels.Nationalism corresponds to different ethnic relations,and it affects one country's inter-ethnic political integration model.The unified mode of ethnic relations are often monopolized by one language,and the government always adopts an attitude of inhibition or neglect to other languages.The multi-ethnic relationship model can accommodate different ethnic languages and the languages are in harmony.Through an analysis of the language policies of the international community,the European Union,and various sovereign countries(such as the United States,India,and Australia),combined with the expression of language rights at different stages of each country,we can draw lessons from our language policy.Australia is recognized as a leader in language policy and language planning.It respects language rights and supports the learning and communication of citizens' foreign languages.The United States is an immigrant country.The government always adopt an English-only policy in a multi-ethnic and multi-lingual situation.This language policy does bring many benefits to the development of the United States and makes the United States develop into a unified and powerful country.Some experience is indeed worthy of learning.India and the United States are both countries under British colonial rule.The difference is that India has more indigenous people and more native languages.After independence from British colonization,India's language policy has undergone changes from the official Hindi language to the official language,and to the three languages.Although the other native languages of India have been suppressed,they have slowly begun to recover.The fight between English and French in Canada has not been interrupted,and both have experienced the stage of mutual desire to become the official language,and until now both are in harmony.The language policy in South Africa has also been changing along with the change of power.The "South African Constitution" has confirmed the official languages of the six republics and finally established a multi-lingual policy of democracy.Our country's language policy has always insisted on the principle of equality.Chinese Constitution places emphasis on and protects various interests of ethnic minorities,including language rights.Protecting linguistic minorities from discrimination meets the national interest and can effectively safeguard national and social stability.Other relevant laws,such as the National Regional Autonomy Law and the National General Language and Literal Law,also protect minority language rights.Most ethnic minorities in China are located in remote areas.With the development of the economy,education in these areas is relatively backward.Language education cannot be well implemented.In order to implement the principle of equality,the formulation of the "Language and Literal Law for a Few People" is necessary to help our country achieve a system of language tolerance,so that everyone,nationalities,and nations can achieve better development and promote social harmony and stability.