A Study On The Causes And Impact Of Civil Wars In South Sudan

The study is about the impact of civil wars on domestic governance and foreign policy of South Sudan.South Sudan is the country in east Africa bordering six countries of Ethiopia,Democratic Republic of Congo,Sudan,Central Africa,Kenya and Uganda.South sudan is the third oil producing country in sub saharan Africa rich in oil however the civil wars has greatly cause severe undevelopment which include economic loss,political instabilities,poor diplomatic relations within region and international community,social disunity and poor physcial infrastructure,social welfare.Additionally south sudan has natural resources for example River Nile,gas,oil,gold and other resources.The aim of the study was to assess the impact of civil wars on domestic governance and foreign policy of South Sudan,analyze internal power struggle between two dominance ethnic dinka and nuer focusing on their relation to the civil war in South Sudan and identify the challenges of a peaceful resolution of South Sudan civil wars,Ethnic conflicts and political instability,lack of justice and a powerful party and external intervention leads to non-independence domestic governance.The study has used Qualitative approach becase this method is helpful to elaborate the impacts of civil wars on domestic governance and foreign policy of South Sudan.The research question presented in this thesis is what challenges does the civil war pose to domestic governance of South Sudan,and its impact on foreign policy?The study organized in five chapters: Chapter one it deals about background of the study,statement of the problem,the objectives of the study,general objective,specific objective of the study,research question,main argument,research methodology,research design,and literature review,limitation of the study and significance of the study.The importance of the study is vital and essential toward know-how the impact,reasons and outcomes brought about the civil wars/conflicts in any part of society.The impact on various aspects which include political,economic and social sphere in South Sudan which was surely indicating civil wars was not advocate for only place in society.As long as these revenues continued to be used to financial the conflict there were no equitable peace in South Sudan claims,with the unresolved issues and continued violence.It was important to examine the challenges facing south sudan;s conflict particularly at this time when south sudan needs peace.This research was my opportunity to emphasis on the causes of the conflict,how it was a security threat to south sudan.This consists of corruption,political reforms,inter communal violence,and anxiety over oil sharing revenue.Chapter two shows,civil war in South Sudan,theoretical conceptual aspects of civil war in South Sudan,historical background of South Sudan civil wars.The civil conflict of South Sudan is an ongoing crisis in the country between government and opposition forces.President Salva Kiir Manyardit accused the then Deputy President Riek Machar and others for attempting a coup dea't.Mr.Machar denied to initiate a revolution and run with the SPLM IO-in the program of self-help.Troops from Uganda were sent to fight the South Sudan opposition forces.There after initial agreement for a ceasefire was signed the negotiations were linked to IGAD.Chapter three shows Impact of civil wars on domestic governance of South Sudan;ethnic conflict and political instability,lack of justice and a powerful party,external intervention leads to non – independence of domestic governance.Chapter four shows the impact of civil war on foreign policy of South Sudan,South Sudan national interest and foreign policy option,International Corporation.South Sudan is enormous as the government continuously interfered with the role and mandate of the civil society towards addressing issues affecting civilians.The civil society queried certain government approached to governance.It is very clear to state that national independence bade on capitalism is clearly bound to fail or have trouble in sustaining and creating a conducive environment for the growth and development.Chapter five showing the Conclusion and recommendations parts of the research:South Sudan,had experienced several challenges like lack of justice and accountability,poor governance,ethnic violence border demarcation issues of north and south,cattle raids,political,poverty,hunger,intra government armed conflict,religion difference between,Christians and Arabs,cultural,traditional beliefs,and widespread of violent crimes cite ? Mass killings along ethnic lines have been witnessed continuously even though each Mr.Kiir and Mr.Machar havedistinguished supporters from different communities.Forces backing Mr.Machar have conquered the vital states of Malakal,Bentiu,Jonglei which are the centres of country's mostly generating oil the country was armed after a long term of conflicts and there has been a history of ethnic anxiety,which politicians would whip up within the juncture that they remember that would help them once more,or live in power state.The study recommend that,first,Collective action taken by IGAD which means that the joint IGAD region obliged be taken against any party that is involved in any violation of the fight.Second,engage in inclusive approach it is related with emphasizing the unified approach to peace talks so that all South Sudan's people will have an issue in the future.IGAD with the support of the UN and UNSC may continue to support the greater partaking of South Sudan clergy leaders and civil society agents in the peace process to ensure they have a responsibility to build their country.Third,Ensure accountability,reconciliation and healing process take place In addition.Fourth,Development and implementation for targeted recovery and development programs once peace comes back,South Sudan will need help and implementation of healing and development programs.All development programs should be directed to the needs and priorities of the people.They should lead to the equal distribution of resources to reduce poverty and promote strong private sector,focusing on social and physical infrastructure economic growth.