Research On The Impact Of Differences In Human Capital And Social Capital Of Heads Of Village Party Branch And Village Committee On The Development Of Rural Community

At present,the great changes have taken place in rural areas of China.Issues of Agricultural income,rural development and farmers' subsistence have been being the top concerns of our party and government,among which,rural development is considered as the hardest task.Heads of Village Party Branch and Village Committee are the backbones and foregoers of farmers as well as the main endogenetic forces that accelerate the economic growth and harmonious development of villages.Actually,the capability,financial situation and relation network of these leaders are playing an important role in the development of villages.Therefore,we can summarize what kind of people are qualified for these two positions by researching the influences of human capital and social capital of these two leaders,which is absolutely essential,both theoretically and practically,for electing and supervising these two leaders as well as promoting village's all-round development.This thesis is based upon human capital theory,social capital theory and also theory of rural development,and finally settles the key elements of human capital and social capital of these two leaders,and important indicators of village's development,and constructs the theoretical model.Besides,this thesis discusses if human capital and social capital impact rural development,what are the impacts,and why is it,by empirical study,with the first-hand information from microscopic study in 262 villages from Nantong,Yancheng and Huaian,Jiangsu Province,in 2016.Before starting analyzing,the author measures level of rural development by principal component analysis,analyses of reliability and validity of samples and then proves hypothesis by using multiple regression analysis,which reveals the influences of human capital and social capital.The conclusion and innovation are as follows:Firstly,By means of document analysis and coding,this thesis measures human capital,social capital and other indicators of these two leaders,including genders,ages,education,reappointment,tenure,additional posts,experience in enterprises,sideline production,family business,local prominent surame,immediate family members in high-level government,relations with local farmers,trust from farmers.Besides,this thesis creates an evaluation system of villages' development index with four degrees,including production and life' development,infrastructure,development and public service' development,village environment' development and political and democratic development,covering 12 specific indexes.Secondly,this thesis proved that some elements have positive effect for villages'development,including their desire for promotion,being in both of the village party branch and village committee while not being the two leaders at the same time,local prominent surnames,post tenure,personal and family financial situation of these two heads,social capital and political relationships.Furthermore,this thesis analyzes reasons for these impacts,and bring out solutions accordingly,with the help of multiple regression and in-depth interview.Thirdly,according to empirical study,this paper proposes suggestions as follows:improving the standards of employing and evaluating these two leaders based on human capital and social capital theory and selecting talents diversifiedly;encouraging them to get a position in both village party branch and village committee while avoiding being two leaders at the same time;taking good advantages of social capital of these leaders in developing villages;establishing complete and effective incentive system to insure the stability of the team;improving performance appraisal system and democratic supervision organism and establishing balance system among village cadres.Fourthly,domestic scholars' studies have been focusing on motivation,characteristics,effect,mechanism and solution of villages' leaders' management.Some scholars research on impact of human capital and social capital respectively.This thesis brings in theoretical model of human capital and social capital and summarize the indicators of rural development,based on researches done by other scholars.The author also applies multiple regression model,combines points and areas as well as quality and quantity,reveals the impacts of human capital and social capital of these two leaders on the villages'development scientifically and effectively,analyzes the factors of impacts,and proposes related suggestions that is beneficial for the researches of related rules and policy.