A Study On Deng Xiaoping's Thought Of Agricultural Modernization And Its Significance In The New Era

After the reform and opening up,China's agriculture has entered a period of rapid development.The establishment of household contract responsibility system is the first major change in the process of agricultural modernization,agricultural modernization breaks through the inherent mode of improving material and technological level on the basis of concentration of production factors.After entering the new century,the transfer of land contractual management rights was initially prohibited in both policy and law.After gradual lifting,standardization and perfection of the law,separating rural land ownership rights,contract rights,and management rights guided land system to achieve the second major change.With this as the source,new breakthroughs have been made in scale operation,peasants' income increase and the integration of three industries.China's agriculture has achieved leapfrog development by means of transformation.After more than half a century of theoretical and practical exploration,China's agricultural modernization is moving towards a higher level.Deng Xiaoping's thought of agricultural modernization is gradually formed and perfected in the process of agricultural modernization in China.Based on Marx and Engels' conception of agricultural development,this thought developed Lenin's theory of ‘cultural revolution' and agricultural cooperative system,inherited and innovated Mao Zedong's thoughts on urban-rural relations,agricultural mechanization and agricultural diversification.Deng Xiaoping's thought of agricultural modernization came into being gradually in the context of the rapid development of agricultural science and technology,on the premise of breaking the shackles of the far-left thought,and conforming to the urgent practical needs of agricultural modernization.This idea originated from 1946 to 1962.Deng Xiaoping initially thought about the priority of agricultural and industrial development,and proposed to explore a new mode of agricultural management from the perspective of production relations.From 1977 to 1986,Deng Xiaoping deepened his understanding of the status of agriculture,actively promoted the reform of rural economic system,and established the driving force of agricultural development.After 1987,Deng Xiaoping's thought of agricultural modernization became mature.Deng Xiaoping highly affirmed the important role of township enterprises,and expounded the future direction of agricultural development.Deng Xiaoping's thought of agricultural modernization has rich connotations,which mainly includes the following five aspects: first,the theory of agricultural status based on the change of national conditions should always put agriculture in the fundamental position of national economy and people's livelihood and at the top of all the work of the Party and the state;second,the theory of management subject centered on farmers' rights and interests should pay attention to farmers' wishes,mobilize farmers' enthusiasm and constantly improve farmers' income,help peasants to connect with modern agriculture;third,the theory of development motive force focusing on policy and science,agricultural development depends on policy,and to maintain the correctness of policy,agricultural development depends on science,and agricultural scientific research and personnel training should be emphasized;fourth,the theory of rural economic system reform based on market-oriented principle,establishes and consolidates the main body of household contractual management for a long time.Fifthly,the development orientation theory of taking public ownership as the main body and common prosperity as the goal points out that the ultimate goal ofagricultural development is to take public ownership as the main body,improve the well-being of farmers and achieve common prosperity.Deng Xiaoping's thought of agricultural modernization has a very important historical role.Under the guidance of this idea,agricultural development contributes to the preliminary accomplishment of the goal of ‘Chinese-style modernization';taking agricultural reform as the starting point,taking the lead in introducing market mechanism,liberating and properly resettling rural labor force,initially releasing the potential of rural domestic demand,accelerating the pace of economic modernization in China;and seeking a good political,legal and scientific and technological environment for further promoting agricultural modernization;It lays a solid foundation for realizing the modernization of peasants themselves in safeguarding their individual rights,changing their concepts and promoting them to re-examine traditional culture.Since the 18 th National Congress of the CPC,China's agricultural modernization has entered a new era.While great achievements have been made,it also faces many problems: major contradictions in agriculture have changed;further consolidation of the basic position of agriculture in China is facing new challenges;specific problems in land system reform are becoming clear;the quality of rural human resources and the level of agricultural science and technology need to be improved;The present situation of model operation and family operation needs to be improved urgently.Deng Xiaoping's thought of agricultural modernization can provide theoretical reference for promoting agricultural modernization in the new era.It should promote the deep integration of production,education and research in the field of agriculture,promote the quality of agricultural practitioners to a new level,and optimize the structure of agricultural supply with emphasis on structural adjustment.This thought also gives us importantpractical enlightenment.We should thoroughly implement the policy of giving priority to the development of agriculture and rural areas;improve the mechanism of benefit distribution in the reform of land system;strengthen the policy guidance of rural infrastructure construction;and adhere to the co-operation of moderate scale operation and development of small-scale peasant households.