A Study On The Education Policy Of Preschool Children In Rural China From Social Investment Perspective

Preschool education is the foundation of a person's life development.The quality and level of preschool education is not only an important indicator of a country's civilization progress,but also an important indicator of a country's sustainable development ability.With the overall transformation of China's politics,economy,society,culture and environment,the problem of "difficulties " and "costliness in entering kindergarten" for rural preschool children has become increasingly prominent and has entered the public vision and become the focus.The report of the19 th CPC National Congress put forward that "There is something to be taught and a child to be nurtured",and that the theoretical system of social security should be perfected step by step.On January 2,2018,the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Opinions on the Implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy,making preschool education an important part of the priority development of rural education.The Government Work Report of March 2019 also pointed out that the goal of preschool education in the next stage is to expand the supply of preschool education through multiple channels.In February 2019,the Ministry of Education proposed to increase the support for social forces to set up kindergartens,and work together with the government to solve the problem of "difficulties" and "costliness in entering kindergarten".Rural preschool education can be regarded as a social problem from the perspective of cooperation between the government and social forces and joint commitment to rural preschool education.From an economic point of view,as the Nobel Prize winner James J·Heckman observes "return on investment on preschool education is equivalent to the sum of all age stage of the return on investment for the future",investment in preschool children every $1,you can pay $16.14,preschool education problems and can be seen as an investment.According to Anthony Giddens' social investment theory,in the process of providing various guarantees,the investment subject should be led by the government,and diversified subject investment should be introduced,which includes investment in human capital,economic investment and fair investment.From the perspective of social investment,this paper analyzes the preschool children education in rural China from three aspects: human capital investment,economic investment and equity investment.The author has found that in the aspect of human capital investment,the policy of the rural pre-school education in China is not comprehensive,and the existing policies have not been fully put into place,the teachers are deficient,and the quality of teaching and education needs to be improved.In terms of economic investment,there is no policy guarantee for the development of preschool education in rural areas,and there are few main investors.In terms of equity investment,it is difficult and expensive to get into kindergartens,and the lack of supervision,the large gap in preschool education between urban and rural areas,and the fairness of rural preschool education and so on all need to be improved.This paper argues that the root cause of the problem lies in the lack of policy guarantee,unclear policy orientation,the limited development funds,and the lack of management system guarantee.So we should do a good job in human resources planning,strengthen the preschool teachers team construction,establish and perfect the rural preschool education policy,ensure the adequate funding for the rural preschool education equity investment,build a supervision mechanism,perfect the relevant policy and strictly implemented,to combine the government and social forces together,so as to guarantee the healthy development of rural preschool education.