Relationship Between The College Entrance Examination Board And The U.S.Federal Government During The 1950s And 1960s

This essay will reflect the College Entrance Examination Board's changes during the 1950 s and 1960 s under the pressure of social reforms,which included higher education reform and changing of the federal government role.The College Board changed in two ways.First,it changed from a expressive association to an interest group.Second,its relationship with the federal government became closer.The essay will separate into three parts.The first part will show the background and answer why the College Board needed to change.On the one hand,millions of students walked into colleges after the World War II.The huge size population gave pressure to the College Board's examination service.The College Board had to remove their responsibility of examination to a new organization.At the same time,this change let the College Board to face the challenge,which asked it to find out a new function.One the other hand,the federal government began to interrupt higher education,because the federal government needed human resources to fight against the Soviet during the Cold War.The second part will include the College Board connection with the U.S.federal government in the 1950 s and 1960 s.The College Board established the College Scholarship Service under the requirement of its members,finished influential report Encouraging Scientific Talent which asked by the National Science Foundation,and stayed away from the Congress hearings in the 1950 s.The College Board failed to introduce the College Scholarship Service to the federal government while it succeeded to complete the educational researches asked by the federal government in the first five years of the 1960 s.The College Board set up the Washington D.C.Office in 1966 which showed the College Board finally changed into an interest group.The third part will summarize the characters of relationships between the College Board and higher education,the College Board and the federal government.The College Board was sensitive with the needs of higher education and responded to them timely.However,it reflected slowly to the federal government's needs and left behind when developing the relationship with the federal government.Meanwhile,the College Board dissociated from the federal government in the 1950 s because the College Board was an intermediary organization and the Constitution did not allowed the federal government to control the higher education.