The Evolution Of The All-Volunteer Force And Implement Of Montgomery Gi Bill In The United Staes

In the early 1970 s,the United States started the All-Volunteer Force as its military service system.The All-Volunteer Force has many characteristics,including democratization in enlistment,enlistees with high educational levels,great values in society and economy and so forth.Therefore,it has long been favored by high-ranking officers in the United States Army.However,it has been introduced for almost a decade,the new service system could hardly attract outstanding young people to be a soldier,for the low salary level of the army and the limited welfare of military education and training,which was unable to keep up with the domestic economic development or the rising cost of universities.The army had been in a predicament of deficiency in recruits and the constant loss of veterans for a long time.In the late 1970 s,the U.S.Army encountered the unprecedented military manpower crisis,with the four major services failed to achieve their original personnel targets on quantities and qualities.Given that,the U.S.government had adopted a number of measures to motivate the youth,especially the talentedyouth,to join up.But until the early 1980 s,the effect of the reform was still limited.The issue of military personnel took a turn in the mid-1980 s with the advent of the Montgomery GI Bill.In 1985,after a long legislative process,Montgomery GI Bill was enacted.The new welfare basically achieved the goal of keeping pace with the changes in the amount of welfare and the cost of higher education institutions.In order to meet the employment needs of ex-soldiers,it also provided a variety of work training programs,such as pilot training program.As predicted by their policymakers,the upgraded welfare packages have drawn a great number of young people’s attention.Each year,there were hundreds of thousands of high-level young people joining the army due to the Montgomery GI Bill.As a result,the army was able to get out of the plight of the human resource crisis.The improvement of the military personnel structure enhanced the combat power of the force.By the time of the Gulf War,the vast majority of the soldiers participating in the war were participants of this GI Bill.