Linguistic Analysis Of China's And Russia's Military Common Regulations

Military common regulations are military laws enacted by state supreme military organization. According to the actual construction of the army, in the form of law, military common regulations determine the army's training, work, life and other things'most basic criterions, which every serviceman must abide by. Compared with other military laws, rules and regulations, military common regulations are the most basic regulations, which norm the behavior pattern of military personnel and play an extremely important role in the process of changing ordinary citizens into qualified soldiers. Education and training of common regulations directly affect the behavior characteristics of soldiers in thought, speech, action and other aspects of the formation. Common regulations exist not only in China, but also in Russia. The using situation lays the foundation and premise of the linguistic analysis and contrast of the common regulations.As the most basic military regulations, Military common regulations are undoubtedly concerned. Whether in China or in Russia, the study on Military common regulations are constantly developed, and research findings are directly used to guide the compilation and revise, learning and training of military common regulations. And so far, the study about military regulations mainly focuses on idea and content, less on language form. At home and abroad in the study of military language, study on the language related to military regulations is mainly reflected in six aspects:military terms within the framework of social linguistics, military terms within the framework of terminology, military terms within the framework of cognition, psychology and thinking, military terms within the framework of ancient military, style of military regulation language, communicative pragmatic study of military regulations. The researches in these six aspects are beneficial to the exploring of language rules in the common regulations, and lay a certain foundation for deepening the understanding of the language in military common regulations. Meanwhile, we can find that the past researches lack systemic analysis of linguistics, which specifically demonstrates that observation of the language in military common regulations is not comprehensive enough, description is not enough, and the explanation for the phenomenon of language is not very thorough. And the research results are not enough to make people grasp the whole military common regulations'distinguishing language feature, to profoundly understand the multi-dimensional characteristics of the military common regulations, to guide the practice of military speech practice in constructing a strong army.In view of the above situation, based on the linguistic theories, military theories and legal theories, this thesis conducts a systemic analysis of linguistics of China's and Russia's military common regulations, which include systematic distinguishing feature in the phonetics, vocabulary, grammar and semantics, military pragmatic effects of various linguistic elements, comparative analysis of similarities and differences and their causes. This research aims to analyze the systematic military legal language features contained in the speech genre form of the military common regulations, to reveal the military pragmatic construction function of the linguistic elements in the military context, to enrich the knowledge about military common regulations'language, to make up for the deficiency of the application study of military language based on the specific military speech genre, and finally to provide enlightenment for the linguistics and military speech practice. The data used for this research originated from the publication of China's and Russia's military common regulations. In view of the fact that China military common regulations contain three regulations, and Russia military common regulations include four regulations, in order to scientifically carry out a comparative study, three China's and three Russia's regulations corresponding in content and form, viz. formation regulations, interior service regulations and discipline regulations, are chosen as the research object and analysis data, amounting to 700,000 words. Word for word and sentence for sentence, We analyze the characteristics in all six regulations in accordance with the four aspects of phonetics, vocabulary, grammar and semantics, and from military pragmatic perspective reveal the function and value of the language elements. The researchmainly adopts the methods of form-meaning-value triangle theory and comparison analysis. In the process of the analysis of the whole language features, the text adopts the "from form to meaning to value" idea, sorting out the external forms, analyzing the meaning of implication, and revealing the pragmatic value. In addition, experiment verification, mathematical statistics, the method based on the combination of corpus and language sense, philosophical thinking method and so on are used to improve the scientific nature of the analysis.The key points of this research are as follow:Firstly, military common regulations are worthy of careful study and in the regulations texts exist special features and corresponding military pragmatic effect. Behind these features are implied military phonetic, vocabulary, grammar and semantic principles, which reflect the influence of military common regulations on language form. Recognizing these features and principles helps to guide military speech practice. Moreover, in the texts of military common regulations we can find military language features different from common language. These military language features reflect the characteristics of the military register. The features and the characteristics enrich the content of the study of social linguistics, promoting the perfection and development of the whole linguistics research. Secondly, the common attributes of military common regulations determine the characteristics of the applied language forms. Military common regulations are military documents, so their language expression forms have corresponding military attributes, viz, mandatory, concise and stability; Military common regulations are law documents, published in the form of an order, so their content expressions show scientific rigor and normativeness; Military common regulations are language works, so their language has systematic, symbolic, social and national character that general language work language should be. Thirdly, the status of military phonetics, military vocabulary, military grammar and military semantics is different in the military language system. Military semantics is in the central position, and military phonetics, military vocabulary and military grammar serve the expression of the military semantics. Military semantics is the starting point of the use of language, and the end of the use of language. Fourthly, the various elements of the military language synergy in military common regulations have speech tone with distinct military characteristics. Military individual military speech style is formed in the long-term influence of military speech tone. Military speech tone in the army is not naturally formed, but developed through a large number of military speech practice in the long term military struggle and preparation for military struggle under the direction and the demonstration effect of military commanders. Fifthly, military common regulations play an important role in military pragmatic construction in military social life. Military common regulations'language not only transfer military information in accordance with the military language rules, but also has the important military pragmatic interpersonal function and the military pragmatic construction function. Special Acoustic features of voice, vocabulary, syntactic features, and semantic unit features, existing in military register, make people having the same military speech habits resonate. The power of this resonance can close the distance between them, so that they can produce a harmonious and close relationship. Military phonetic, vocabulary, grammar and semantic elements help to produce social reality of fighting spirit, such as simple and efficient quality, fast and agile quality, brave and powerful quality, solidarity, serious quality.The contribution of this research is embodied in two aspects of theory and practice. Theoretically, systematic linguistic analysis and comparison about military common regulations are carried out first at home and abroad. Feature analysis of phonetics, vocabulary, grammar and semantics in the China's and Russia's military common regulations, pragmatic value of language elements in military language situation and linguistic concern in the education and training of military common regulations enrich the knowledge of genre theory. The applicability of the form-meaning-value triangle theory to the study of applied language is proved. The analysis on the examples showing phonetics, vocabulary, grammar, semantic features was carried out successfully according to the general idea of the form-meaning-value triangle theory. The static language analysis and dynamic pragmatic value analysis are completed, which helps to realize the basic purpose of the application of language research to guide the practice of language. Language fighting strength theory is proved and enriched. The important role of phonetics, vocabulary, grammar and semantic elements for the generation of the fighting force of the armed forces is also pointed out in the language feature analysis of the military common regulations, which verifies the language fighting strength theory from the perspective of language function and enriches the theory compared to language resources' fighting strength theory. So studying and fulfilling military common regulations, on the one hand, can regulate the words and deeds of soldiers and troops, on the other hand, can improve the military language ability of military personnel, and improve the fighting force of the armed forces. Practically, research results help to enhance the scientificity of the common regulations' writing. Features in phonetics, vocabulary, grammar and semantic of common regulations are theoretical support and practical reference for the choice of the expressions in writing common regulations. Research results help to improve the learning effect of the common regulations. This research reveals the characteristics and pragmatic value of military common regulations language from multiple perspectives. Knowing these characteristics and pragmatic value, helps to enhance the enthusiasm and initiative of the common regulations learning, to improve the learning effect. Research results help to improve the quality of education and training of common regulations. If in education and training of common regulations the military instructor could bring out both concrete regulations, and could explain why so, and could compare the China's and Russia's common regulations in two aspects-ideological content and language form, then the quality of education and training will be greatly improved.Finally, it should be stressed that, this study focuses on the analysis of application of language function, put forward a theory, namely military pragmatic construction theory, answering to "How does military common regulations' language generates fighting force". The purpose of studying military common regulations lies in revealing the generation mechanism of the language fighting force and serving the urgent needs of fighting force construction, relying on the core military language. And in the thesis is innovated a method, namely Language based synthesis method, answering to the question of "how to research military common regulations' language". Military common regulations are the speech genre form with multi-disciplinary characteristics, so applying only one of linguistics, military science, sociology, law and other disciplines' theories and using only one of structure, function, semantic, pragmatic, statistics and contrast methods, can't achieve the comprehensive linguistic analysis objective. In order to complete the taskof linguistic analysis, all kinds of thoughts, theories and properties related to military common regulations' language must be in language, and many disciplines'theories must be integrated in a comprehensive way.All in all, through linguistic analysis of China's and Russia's military common regulations, this research has revealed features in phonetics, vocabulary, grammar and semantic of common regulations, has carried out pragmatic analysis according to theories of linguistics, military science, law and so on, has analyzedhe military's, law's and symbol's attributes of the common regulations' language, and has deepened the understanding of military pragmatic construction function of the common regulations'language. This has extremely important theoretical and practical significance to enrich the theory of linguistics and promote the scientificalion of common regulations'writing, learning, education and training.