Study On Coordination Among Rescue Forces In Northern Sea Rescue Area Of China

There are long coastlines,and wide sea areas subjected to the jurisdiction of our country with complicated sea conditions and ships of different functions.Marine accidents often occur.Therefore,national professional forces have been established to respond to emergencies at sea and 23 rescue bases and 12 rescue flight bases have been built along some important coastal cities with 72 rescue ships,119 salvage ships and 20 rescue aircrafts.However,the average interval between two bases would be more than 1000 kilometers,which hardly covers the rescue radius of their jurisdiction.The flight radius of rescue helicopters can only guarantee the rescue of some marine accidents prone areas and rescue forces on call along the coastal waters are far from enough.At present,the rescue at sea is mainly public welfare.If national forces take on the whole rescue work,a lot of jobs need to be done,such as building more rescue stations,supplementing large amount of professional rescue equipment,and enlarging rescue team workers and administrative staff,thus leading to a large amount of expenses.Civilian volunteers of search and rescue forces at sea have the feature of wide distribution,rich experiences,being familiar with the local surroundings and having the spirit of dedication.They can build on call stations in every coastal city and deal with the dangerous conditions on offshore waters on time.Therefore,it is very important that civilian volunteers of search and rescue forces act as a forceful supplement to national search and rescue forces.It will become an efficient way to promote the development of our national search and rescue cause.It has been found through the study of document and research on cases that at present time,our civilian volunteer maritime search and rescue teams are remaining at the first stage in terms of team scale,professional level and equipment level.Many maritime rescue tasks can't be accomplished on their own.So they take less participation.Still they lack timely and efficient communication and experience sharing with national forces.Furthermore,they lack regular and normal joint training and exercise.At the legislative level,we don't^have related laws or regulations in our system to protect the interest of volunteers in coordination among some forces when performing rescue tasks.Combing the above problems,this paper proposes a maritime rescue system on the co-existence of professional forces and social forces based on the new public management theory and other theories,and measures on enhancing both material and policy aid to social rescue forces as the following:Firstly,improve laws and regulations related to coordination,so as to provide powerful legal security for the coordinated rescue among various forces.Secondly,build a new coordinated mode between the two forces with national rescue teams as the center,and share some equipment with some volunteer teams if they are qualified.By doing so,"professional team guiding the volunteers and coordination of the two forces" goal can be achieved.Thirdly,try to build a shared information platform,so that various forces can get rescue-related information at the earliest possible time.The coordinate department can arrange several rescue teams through cooperating with their work to insure the quick reaction and high efficiency of rescue work.Fourthly,have joint and regular training and exercises and optimize the training programs to suit rescue on the sea;set up an evaluation mechanism linked with composite rating of different teams on such platforms,and build a simulation training base.Through the above measures,social forces will become more specialized in respect of equipment level and rescue workers' skill.They are able to participate and complete more inshore rescue tasks on their own.They'll also become a favorable supplement to major tasks described as "emergent,tough,dangerous and important".A gradual transition to a new maritime rescue structure of ""social forces extensively scattered,professional forces specialized under coordination of the two forces" will allow social forces extensively participate inshore rescue tasks.National professional rescue forces will be more specialized in more complicated rescue tasks,and a more harmonious,efficient and closer coordination of the two forces are in prospect.