The Transition Of The Elite Flow,Elite To The Countryside And Village Governance

The flow of rural elites is a phenomenon in rural social changes.Although it is impossible to generalize the rural elites at various stages into a specific and fixed group,rural elites have always shouldered the important responsibility of rural governance in the transformation of rural power structure.From the perspective of the history of civilization,the main body involved in rural governance was nothing more than the gentry class and clan power in the feudal society.Until the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,China suffered a thousand years of change,and the country's turmoil had an impact on the traditional elite system.The implementation of the Bao-Jia system and the downward extension of the bureaucracy have changed the main forces involved in rural governance.The development of the agrarian revolution has disintegrated the material and economic foundations of traditional clan forces.As the urban-rural dual structural barriers are continuously broken,urban-rural interactions begin to increase,and there is a gradual emergence of migrant workers.In order to achieve the yearning for a better life,in the flow of urban and rural resources,the endogenous elites of rural society,such as the rich,the migrant workers,the university students,etc.,also seek personal development by looking for various mobile channels.At one time,the flow of rural elites showed an "eruption" state,the traditional village governance environment and mechanism both changed,which put forward new requirements for the innovation and development of villager autonomy.The loss of rural elites,the absence of village self-governing organizations,and the modernization of state governance have led to the concept of elites going to the countryside.Different from the endogenous nature of traditional elites,the first secretary and other elites have an external and bureaucratic system.They have unique intra-institutional resource advantages in rural governance.They rely on their own advantages to influence village governance,and promote the modernization of rural governance in terms of resource integration,project entry into the village,and optimization of governance.Based on the "Elite Theory" and "Governance Theory",this paper sorts out the internal relationship between the change of rural governance model and the flow of rural elites,and introduces the logical transformation of traditional elite mobility and elite reconstruction to the countryside.From the historical changes of the rural elite flow,looking for the historical opportunity for the elite to go to the countryside to participate in rural governance,and then proposing an analytical framework for rural elites to participate in rural governance.The article selects the field research on the practice of the first secretary of the H town in G County,and focuses on the problems of the differentiation of rural governance structure and the weakening of endogenous forces,the short-term and potential formalism of governance effect,the substitution of power in villages and the dependence on externality of village cadres in the process of the first secretary who participation in rural governance.Finally,it explores the improvement and innovation of the elites to the countryside,the flow and circulation of endogenous elites,the homing of grassroots autonomous organizations and the potential dilemma of eliminating elites going to the countryside,and proposes a path to optimize rural governance.