A Study On The Evolution Of American Policy On China From 1931 To 1941

The China-US relations from 1931 to 1941 were complicated and changeable,and the development of US diplomatic policy to China in this period was also based on the choice of American interests.After the outbreak of the Far East crisis,American policy toward China has been developing and changing under the influence of Japan and the international situation.After the Mukden Incident broke out,the United States decided to adopt a "Stimson Doctrine" policy towards China in the face of Japan's aggressive acts against China,taking into account both the international situation and the domestic situation,it is the outcome of the combination of idealism and realistic interests in American Far East diplomacy at this time.When the Franklin Delano Roosevelt came to power in March 1933,its top priority in the face of domestic economic difficulties was to restore and develop the domestic economy,which determined that the main purpose of U.S.foreign policy at that time was to develop the economy.In the face of China's problems,the Roosevelt Administration has adopted a policy of "Non-intervention" on the basis of the "Stimson Doctrine" policy of the previous administration.But American nonintervention is not the same as turning a blind eye to China.The U.S.government will still take active measures to cooperate with China,as evidenced by the cotton-wheat loan and the signing of the China-America Silver Agreement.In the early days of the Lugou Bridge Incident,the United States continued to maintain a passive policy of Non-interference in China,but in the face of Japan's ambition to establish hegemony in the Asia Pacific and the increasingly severe international situation,the United States began to break through the shackles of the isolationism and shift substantial support for China policy.After the outbreak of the European war in 1939,Germany,Italy and Japan established the fascist military alliance,and Japan based on the Outline of the Basic State Policy,with the aim of rapidly ending the war with China and establishing the policy of going south.At this time,the United States realized that it was impossible to stay aloof in the complicated and changeable international situation,so the United States began to adopt an active China policy to assist China in order to avoid fighting on both sides of Europe and Asia,trying to drag Japan into a war with China.American support to China during this period gave strong support and help to China's anti-fascist victory and increased the determination and confidence of the Chinese people in the War of resistance.Of course,the U.S.policy toward China in different periods of the decade has different characteristics,but no matter how it evolves and develops,its ultimate goal is to safeguard its own interests and maximize its interests.