Research On Alienation Of Technology Governance In The Field Of Targeted Poverty Alleviation

Since the 18 th national congress of the communist party of China(CPC),the CPC central committee has made poverty alleviation a priority in governance and launched a comprehensive campaign against poverty.The 19 th national congress of the communist party of China(CPC)also raised targeted poverty alleviation to a new level by insisting on the working mechanism of "overall planning by the central government,overall responsibility by the provinces,and implementation by cities and counties",and strengthening the responsibility system in which the top party and government of ficials assume overall responsibility.This fully reflects the importance the country attaches to poverty alleviation and the determination to fight this battle well.It also reflects the arduous and urgent task of targeted poverty alleviation.In order to achieve the goal of poverty alleviation,different governance bodies(party,government,military,group,schools and enterprises)have launched a protracted battle against poverty,and various governance measures have emerged in an endless succession.As an important governance subject of targeted poverty alleviation,the government has formed various poverty alleviation modes in practice through measures such as system establishment,organization embedding,resource sinking and technology application.However,the application of various technologies and the implementation of governance measures have encountered practical challenges: the measures that should have solved the problem produced unexpected results such as target substitution,formalism,heavy blood transfusion,light hematopoietic and the huge workload offilling charts in practice.Local governments pay more attention to technical governance than poverty alleviation itself.This backfired phenomenon undoubtedly retards the pace of poverty alleviation,and the contradiction between reality and necessity makes us introspect: in the context of China,is this phenomenon happening by accident or by necessity? If so,what is the mechanism behind this? What is the specific representation of this phenomenon in the field of targeted poverty alleviation?What is the role of local government as the governing body? How will the national top-level design avoid this phenomenon in the future? This series of practical problems and the theoretical problems reflected behind the reality need to be further explained and discussed.This research adopts the methods of in-depth interview and field observation,and from the perspective of principal-agent theory,administrative contracting system and control right theory,focuses on the governance paradox characterized by "alienation of technical governance" in the process of targeted poverty alleviation.Based on the case study,it is found that in the process of targeted poverty alleviation,there is a logical line that the provincial poverty relief office increases the pressure,the county-level poverty relief office increases the pressure,and the county-level poverty relief office adopts the technical response strategy to cope with the pressure of investigation.As the technology of the upper level is awarded,the technology of the middle level is subcontracted and the technology of the lower level is contracted,the targeted poverty alleviation at the grassroots level is faced with the dilemma of digital production.The research shows that: the process of targeted poverty alleviation tries to solve the problems such as the difficulty of anchoring the target of poverty alleviation and the difficulty of monitoring the effect of poverty alleviation through the digital production mechanism of multiple contracts,but it causes the alienation of technical governance in the process of specific implementation,thus dispelling the target of targeted poverty alleviation.In the process of targeted poverty alleviation,the dilemma of technological governance alienation is mainly manifested in three aspects: attaching importance to data production but causing the suspension of numbers;evading responsibility but leaving traces everywhere;and emphasizing national autonomy but neglecting the cultivation of social space.This study tries to put forward the framework of "Context-Field-Subject" to explain the alienation of technological governance in the process of targeted poverty alleviation.Situational constraints point to two aspects——time and space: the shift of "Giving Country",the strategic goal of achieving comprehensive poverty alleviation by 2020,the long-standing contradiction between China's unified system and effective governance,and the need for the country to strengthen the top-down information collection ability.Under the space constraint,the huge scale of the state forms the power distribution pattern of the administrative contract system.In addition,Control Right provides a theoretical perspective for the distribution of power in different levels of government.The authority distribution pattern of "separation of names and facts" and the flexible government connection jointly lead to a digital production pattern in the process of targeted poverty alleviation.Bureaucratic organization and individual officials are two main actor' s dimensions to analyze the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation policy.On the one hand,modern bureaucracy emphasizes the application of instrumental rationality.Owing to technological governance,the complicated targeted poverty alleviation work is highly simplified,and the poverty alleviation work is finally reduced to a single number.On the other hand,local officials are faced with the pressure of promotion.The promotion logic gives local officials more incentive to complete the digital production task assigned by their superiors.The coupling of spatial and temporal constraints,field promotion and actor planning leads to the alienation of technology governance in the process of targeted poverty alleviation.The pattern of alienation of technology governance has eroded the publicity of grassroots government.First of all,technological considerations of grassroots government under the constraints of time and space replace humanistic care.Second,the grassroots governance involution promoted by the field overpowes governance refinement.Finally,The self-interest of grassroots government under the actor's scheme against the good of the public.In this regard,we can improve the evaluation mechanism of poverty alleviation,promote the linkage mechanism of various departments and implement the responsibility mechanism of poverty alleviation to correct the alienation of technological governance and the public dilemma caused by it.