An Analysis Of Current Employment Situation Of Urban Women And Its Microcosmic Influence Factors

In recent years,the slowdown of China's economic growth and the adjustment of economic structure have had a profound impact on the overall employment structure including female employment.This influence and the employment effect created by the adjustment of the two-child policy are superimposed on each other,which makes the current urban female employment face more serious challenges.In the new context,the research on the current employment status and influencing factors of urban women has important theoretical and practical significance.This paper is based on the “Sampling Survey on Employment and Unemployment of Urban and Rural Labor Forces in Shandong Province in 2016”,makes a descriptive statistical analysis of the current employment status of women in urban areas,summarizes the basic characteristics of female employment in urban areas,and use regression analysis method,discusses the main micro factors that influence the employment of women in urban areas.Empirical studies have found that the current urban women employment status has the following characteristics:(1)The phenomenon of gender employment segregation is more prominent.There are significant gender differences in the current nature of the work and the workplace.For example,the relative proportion of women in public institutions and social organizations is significantly higher than that of men,and the relative proportion in party and government organs,enterprises is significantly lower than that of men.(2)Reproductive behavior has a significant negative effect on women employment.The more children there are,the greater the chance of informal employment.(3)Vocational skills training has a higher impact on female employment than men.Women who were trained in specialized vocational skills were significantly more likely to be employed than women who had not been trained in vocational skills.(4)The overall proportion of women entering into a labor contract is low,which is only 62.4%.(5)The degree of education has significant influence on employment participation,job nature,work unit,formal employment and informal employment status,employment income,labor contract signing status,etc.Based on the empirical research,this paper puts forward the following policy Suggestions for the current employment situation of urban female:(1)Establishing andimproving laws and regulations on the protection of women's rights and interests,and improve the system of maternity protection.(2)Strengthening female vocational skills tr-aining,stablishing the training mechanism of precision vocational skills,comprehensively improve the accessibility and pertinence of employment services,effectively promote women employment ability.(3)In response to women difficulties in employment,employment assistance and personalized employment assistance were implemented.(4)To develop the public child-care services,through the joint efforts of the government and the society,a variety of support systems to alleviate the conflict between female and employment and promote female employment will be gradually established.