Research On Chinese Football Policies Since Chinese Reformation And Opening Up

Since the Party's 18^th Congress,“reformation”has become one of the key words of national development in this new era.As the important task of developing sports,building as a strong sports power,promoting economic and social development,the revitalization of football has been taken as the focus of reformation in sports.Here is a new opportunity for Chinese football's revolution and development.With the effect of policy,there is a new wave formed in the academic field of researching on football.At present,the research on Chinese football policies by the academic is mainly from the macro level which discussing the policy's influence and effect,raising countermeasure and suggestions,but lack of a comprehensive carding and evaluation of football policies since Chinese reformation and opening,and lack of an entire research method and system for the research on football policies text.The football policies are the guiding principles,plans and strategies for the country guiding sports development.Therefore,only fully grasping the past development of football policies,it can be preferable to improve policy measurement,to adjust the policy orientation and to define the policy design and selection for our country's future football development based on the reality of our country.Content analysis is the core of this study,and the Chinese football policies text issued by the nation from 1979 to 2016 are the research objects.Connecting the policies from the multiple channels of authority websites and entity yearbooks,this study takes policy factors and policy tools as the division index.This study establishes 2 content codes respectively with the unit of policy documents and policy entry,starts from the dimension of policy basic information,policy subject,policy object,policy nature,policy tools,and analyse the result of the code by combining with the literature analysis,comparative analysis,mathematical statistics method.The following conclusions are reached.Analysing from the perspective of the basic information,it has been experienced 3 development stages for Chinese football policies since Chinese reformation and opening up?1979-2016?:the recovery stage from 1979 to 1991,the preliminary stage from 1992 to 2011,and the accelerating development stage from 2012 to 2016.The general history shows a“phase winding type”growth.Analysing from the perspective of the policy subject,the subjects are“strongly specific”.The subjects are gradually“diversified”,however the types of departments who play the main roles and participate in policy release are not various.What is more,among the subjects,there is a kind of weak“cooperativity”with a lack of cooperation among various units.Analysing from the perspective of the policy object,with the phenomenon of“more professionalism,less socialization”in general,the objects mainly focus on professional football competition and its related objects,but also are experiencing from the"professionalism"to"popularization".Analysing from the perspective of the text type,the policies present the characteristics of"paying equal attention to strategy and implementation",besides with the most outstanding“normativity”and the characteristics of both“exploration”and“gradualism”.Analysing from the perspective of the policy tool,environmental policy tools are overwhelmingly dominant with strategic measures as the main means;supply-typed policy tools output stably with the emphasis on the cultivation of professional talents;the absence of the need-typed policy tools is serious which is urgent to be filled;overview the whole development history,the choice of Chinese football policy tools has completed the transformation from singleness to multiplicity.According to the results of the analysis above,the following suggestions are proposed:firstly,policies shall change from time to time.Secondly,it is suggested to continue to foster the diversified subjects and strengthen the cooperation among the departments to increase the efficiency of the policy.Thirdly,it is important to attach great importance on the work of popularization,expanding the population of football participants and cultivating the football culture.Fourthly,the government shall pay attention to the balance among all kinds of policy tools to find the optimal portfolio model.