Research On Female Employment Under The Universal Two-Child Policy

The long-term implementation of the one-child policy has made it less burdensome for employed women on housework and child care,and there has been less conflict in family work.Fertility policies and fertility practices have had less impact on women’s employment.In order to meet the needs of objective development,the government has made adjustments to the long-standing population fertility policy at the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18 th CPC Central Committee and decided to implement the "comprehensive two-child" policy from January 1,2016.On the one hand,the adjustment of the birth policy will have an impact on women’s employment,health,etc.On the other hand,the fertility desire of the female individual will largely determine the birth scale of the second-born population.At present,the birth scale of the second-born child is less than the official expectation.To analyze this issue,it is inseparable from the perspective of women.The birth of two children will increase the work-family conflict faced by working women.For enterprises,the comprehensive two-child policy will increase the labor cost of hiring women.As a result,the concerns of women in hiring women labor will increase,aggravating the deterioration of women’s employment environment and occupational survival environment,their employment,career mobility,and job promotion.Human capital accumulation will be affected.Under the realistic background of women’s large-scale employment and women’s willingness to work,the negative impact of childbearing and childbirth on employment will increase the concerns of women in employment who have two children.Only by solving the problem of women’s employment under the comprehensive two-child policy will it be possible to achieve an early and smooth implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy goal.This article explains the theoretical basis for the study of women’s employment issues under the comprehensive two-child policy.Based on the data analysis of the questionnaire survey,this paper summarizes the employment difficulties of women under the comprehensive two-child policy.The main problems are: the difficulty of female employment increases.The decline in the number of female employment,the lower quality of female employment,and the slower rate of female human capital accumulation.It also analyzes the causes of women’s employment difficulties: imperfections in the implementation of laws and regulations;inadequate female employment protection systems;incomplete social support systems to alleviate female work-family conflicts;and reduced willingness of female workers to employ female labor force.The limitations of individual cognition.And on the basis of drawing lessons from relevant foreign experience,it puts forward measures to protect and promote women’s employment under the comprehensive two-child policy: build social culture that is conducive to women’s employment,perfecting the legal system to protect women’s employment,and improving the social security system for women’s employment.We will improve the social support system for alleviating women’s work-family conflict,reduce labor costs for women’s workforce,broaden women’s employment channels and promote flexible employment methods,and improve the physical and mental quality of women’s employment.