Cases Study On The Formation Of Vocational Competence Of Manufacturing Craftsmen

The manufacturing industry,which is the pillar of the national economy,is the main battlefield of technological innovation.With the development of science and technology,the era of intelligent manufacturing has brought about a new round of innovation in manufacturing.The development of the manufacturing industry is inseparable from the thousands of skilled workers who work in the field,but the current,there is a problem of structural oversupply and shortage of talents coexist in China's manufacturing industry,and the quality of products is not high.Those are the main reasons why China's manufacturing industry is large but not strong.Therefore,to cultivate more "craftsmen" with the spirit of excellence,make China from "the large manufacturing country" to "the strength manufacturing country " have become theme of the era.Under this background,in order to provide some clues and references for cultivate the craftsmen,this research has studied the formation of the craftsmen's vocational competence of the manufacturing industry.This study is based on the competence development theory "from novice to expert",and five craftsmen with different expertise from four companies in the manufacturing industry were selected as the research objects for case study.Frist of all,it combs the source and current development situations of the competence development theory "from novice to expert".The Dreyfus brothers divided the development of people's competence into five stages: novice,advanced beginner,competent,proficient and expert.It had been enriched and developed after the theory's applications in different fields by Benner,Sweeney et al..The researcher constructs the theoretical framework of this study based on those.Secondly,through case analysis,it deeply describes the craftsmen's career development stages,summarizes the typical work tasks in each stage,and then analyzes the formation path and characteristics of the craftsmen's vocational competence.It proves the applicability of competence development theory "from novice to expert" in manufacturing industry.Craftsmen's vocational competence development is divided into five stages: "pre-employment,novice,competent,proficient,and expert".In the pre-employment time,they were mainly to learn basic skills,when they entered the workplace,their competence gradually develops from the specific ability based on the position at the beginning to be able to grasp the work or the problem as a whole,which reflects the thinking ability and the professional values in the vocational.Thirdly,according to the theory of social systems,it is analyzed that the development of the craftsman's vocational competence is influenced by the factors of personal environment and organizational environment.Personal environmental influence factors mainly come from family,personality characteristics,key events and so on.The main factors of organizational environment include the teaching methods of technical schools,master's influence;leadership management style,interpersonal relationships;the platforms provided by the unit,corporate culture,social trust,etc.Because they are in different times and are in different industries,the factors that influence their competence of different stages to form are different.Finally,the researcher summarizes and reflects on the study.