Study On The Influencing Factors Of Household Labor Division

Housework is a necessary condition for the normal life of family members,and it is an obligation that every family member must bear.However,housework has always been considered to be exclusively for women.With the development of productivity,more and more women have entered the labor market,and gender segregation in the socio-economic field has gradually decreased.This raises a problem:the gender-based division of labor has weakened in the field of market labor.What is the reason for maintaining the traditional division of labor?Western scholars have drawn three theories in the study of household assignment:time constraint theory,gender role theory and relative resource theory.The research of domestic scholars is mostly based on the above three theories.At present,many scholars have a consistent view of the influence of time and gender on household allocation,but there is a clear controversy over the mechanism of income.Therefore,the effect of income on household allocation is not clear,and special research is needed.This paper mainly examines the impact mechanism of income on household allocation.And the impact of income on household allocation in urban and rural areas.This article is based on the 2016 China Family Panel Studies data,selected married women aged 18-55 and their spouses as subjects.First,analyze the status quo of our state labor and the distribution among husband and wife by family,using Tobit model to analyze the influencing factors of housework time of husband and wife in China,identify the main factors that have an impact on housework time;then study the impact mechanism of housework between husband and wife;and then,using the seemingly unrelated regression model to test the robustness of the research results,and finally put forward relevant suggestions based on the research results of this paper and the basic status quo of China.According to the survey data,the distribution of housework in the husband and wife in 2016 was obviously unequal.The average housework time of the wife was 17.9 hours per week,while the average weekly housework time of the husband was 9.9 hours.The wife's reported housework time was the husband's.1.8 times,women in rural or urban areas are the main bearers of housework,and the rural households have higher housework hours than urban areas.The analysis results show that the factors that have a greater impact on the household labor hours of the husband and wife in China are working hours,education,income and relative income.among them,?Individual working hours are negatively correlated with household labor time,and time constraints significantly affect household chores,which is consistent with previous scholars' research results? The higher the individual's education level,the shorter the housework time,and the degree of education affects the wife more than the husband.? Income has different effects on both husband and wife:for the wife group,the relationship between relative income and household investment shows a "U" shape,the increase in the relative income of the wife can reduce its relative household time to a certain extent,but when the wife's income increases to 1.4 times her husband's income,the wife's relative housework time increases with relative income,this is the phenomenon of "gender display".And the role of relative income is still statistically significant after adding absolute income,this shows that the "gender deviation theory"to explain the impact of income on the wife's household investment;but for the husband group,the relationship between relative income and household investment has a "U" shape.The more they are financially dependent on their wives,the more they will reduce their domestic spending.When the husband is the mainstay of the economy,the increase in relative income can continue to reduce their household investment.But the impact of relative income will lose its statistical significance after adding absolute income,this shows that the "absolute resource theory" can reasonably explain the impact of husband's income on household investment.?The household income distribution of residents in urban areas is greatly affected by relative income,and the household investment of economic dependent parties is greater than that of economic pillars.?The household responsibilities of residents in rural areas are mainly affected by the absolute income of the wife,and the economic autonomy of the wife determines the household responsibilities of the husband and wife.The innovations in this article are as follows:First,this article uses the 2016 China Family Panel Studies data.This data is more representative and can more comprehensively reflect the current household allocation of Chinese residents,and to a large extent make up for the lack of data.Second,most of the existing literature use the OLS method to analyze the division of housework,not applicable to cases where the explanatory variable has a certain ratio of 0.so this paper uses the Tobit model to analyze the division of labor.Third,considering the imbalance of urban and rural development in China,this paper will discuss the impact mechanism of household allocation in urban and rural areas.