Changes In Primary And Middle School Students' Self-esteem: A Cross-temporal Meta-analysis

As one of the core components of individual self-knowledge,self-esteem has always been one of the hot topics in psychological research.Self-esteem is great significant to individual mental health and personality development,and primary and middle school students are also in the critical period of self-esteem development.However,although there are many domestic studies on the level of self-esteem of primary and middle school students,there are few studies on the overall grasp of the level and the development trend of self-esteem.To this end,this study analyzed 161 literatures which published between 2000 and 2016 by using cross-temporal meta-analysis and general meta-analysis,and made a correlation analysis between the indicators of social factors and self-esteem scores.Analysis results show that,first of all,from 1998 to 2014,Chinese primary and middle students' self-esteem level generally rose with the times.Students in primary school,middle school,Grade One of junior high school,Grade One of senior high school,Grade Two of senior high school,and both of boys and girls in middle school's self-esteem level has significantly positive correlation with the times,reflects the students' self-esteem level in China was gradually improved.Secondly,in the meta-analysis of the differences in self-esteem level between different groups,the differences in self-esteem level between boys and girls,rural students and urban students,left-behind children and un-left-behind children,only children and non-only children,middle school students and high school students are not significant.However,the self-esteem level of migrant children is significantly lower than that of non-migrant children,and the self-esteem level of primary school students is significantly higher than that of junior high school students.Thirdly,in the correlation analysis between social factor indicators and the level of self-esteem of primary and middle school students,the self-esteem level of first-year junior high school students and second-year junior high school students is significantly and negatively correlated with the unemployment rate of the year,the employment situation of the family members,family economic change influent their's self-esteem level significantly.The self-esteem level of junior high school boys,junior high school girls and first-year junior high school students are significantly and negatively correlated with the ratio of five years later's juvenile delinquency,which reflected the delayed effect of juvenile delinquency on students' self-esteem.Senior middle school students,including boys and girls,have a significant positive correlation with the five-years-before's Gini coefficient.And there was a significant negative correlation between junior high school boys and junior high school girls with the five-years-before's unemployment rate,which showed that junior high school boys and girls predicted the five-years-before's social unemployment rate and the impact of self-esteem on employment.The self-esteem level of high school students,including high school boys and girls,has a significant positive correlation with the five-years-later's Gini coefficient,which reflects the predictive effect of the students' self-esteem level on the five-years-later's Gini coefficient.