Research On The Employment Of Landless Peasants In Small And Medium—sized Cities Of Henan Province

With the rapid development of economy and society,urbanization rate in China had been up to 58.52% by 2017.And new industrial parks and business centers are springing up consistently all over the country for further advancement of the urban framework and urbanization process.However,the booming city development is not without price.One part of the price is the fact that more and more farmland has been expropriated for urban construction and large numbers of land-lost farmers have come into being.In many less-developed small-medium cities in China,the compensation standard of land expropriation is very low and a comprehensive security system is beyond social affordability.Not enough jobs are available to resettle those that have lost their land.Overall the issue of land-lost farmers has really become a problem demanding prompt solutions.Otherwise it might be a risk factor for the harmony and stability of the whole society.Staring from the situation above,this paper would focus on approaching the problem of land-lost farmers with a quantitative investigation of the issue.The research was carried out firstly in the form of visitings,questionnaires and interviews.The specific subjects of survey are people in Qibin county of Hebi,Henan,an example of less-developed small-medium cities in China.Based on the data materials collected,three levels of factors,macro,meso and micro,are summed up to account for the predicament of land-lost farmers in Qibin county.Specifically,the macro factors including inappropriate urban-rural dual structure,low compensation-standard of land expropriation,etc;the meso factors including inadequacy of regional economic development,discordance between the level of city development and that of the social economic development,no significant effect of the government-support measures,etc.;the micro factors including poor education of land-lost farmers,deficiency in off-farming techniques and skills,lack of initiatives in training lessons,etc.Then based on the in-depth analysis of factors from different perspectives,the paper would offer proposals that might help with the unemployment matter of land-lost farmers.Detailed measures are as follows: to increase job positions by speeding up the labor-intensive service industry,establishing a mechanism that might couple the benefits of enterprises and land-lost farmers,and promoting the development of local characteristic industries;to improve the employability of land-lost farmers by transfusing new ideas of employment and career to farmers,establishing a long-term mechanism for employment issues,and exploring more employing opportunities and channels;to assist and encourage individual entrepreneurship of land-lost farmers by setting up the policy and funding guarantee system for individual entrepreneurship as well as by optimizing the entrepreneurial environment.Ultimately,with a thorough investigation of the farmer-unemployment issue in Qibin county,this paper aims at being a viable inference to resolving the same problem of land-lost farmers in many small-medium cities of Henan province,even of the whole China.