A Study On The Desire For Old-age Support Of Rural Older Male Under The Marriage Squeeze

High sex ratio at birth and low fertility have led to the gender structure imbalance of China's population's over past thirty years,and the imbalance of gender structure has led to marriage squeeze that results in the rural males in the bottom of social economic status fall into the marsh of "losing marriage",As time goes on,the situation of marriage squeezing is increasing,and the negative effects of the higher sex ratio of birth appear,the size of the rural older forced male bachelors population will be further expanded in the future,and become one of the important special groups in the society.However,compared to the increasingly severe marriage squeeze situation and the growing size of the group,the current research still needs to be enriched and perfected.As far as the rural older male under the marriage squeeze,no spouses,families and children will lead to the weakness of their old-age support resources,relatives resources and social support resources,which are facing many obstacles in their own old-age problems.Therefore,it is particularly important to study the impact of marriage squeeze on the desire for old-age support of the rural older male,and to further discuss the realistic problem of " who they can rely on when they are old " under the marriage squeeze.In this study,uses the data of "family sex role and family life survey" of IPDS of XJTU,based on the application of Stress-Copying Theory,this paper constructs the research framework of rural older male's old-age support under the marriage squeeze.Combining descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analysis,we divided marriage squeeze into two aspects,subjective marriage squeeze and objective marriage squeeze,to explore the impact of the pressure sources of marriage squeeze and the coping resources of individual on the desire for old-age support.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:Firstly,the rural older male has a strong sense of traditional family support.In general,about 40% of the rural older male plan to rely on their children for old-age support in the future.Separately,about 35% of the rural older male are dependent on their children for old-age support under the subjective or objective marriage squeeze,while those who have not suffered marriage squeeze have a higher proportion of their children for old-age support.Second,old-age support resources significantly affect the desire for old-age support of rural older men,insufficient old-age support resources will lead to a more passive coping style.Based on the analysis of the coping model of old-age support pressure,whether from the objective marriage squeeze or from the subjective marriage squeeze,rural older men with the relative advantages of old-age support resources are more likely to be self-dependent.Such as the rural older male with floating experience had stronger consciousness of depends on themselves,but at the same time,they also had expectations for family support.Floating strengthens the self-awareness of the rural older male rely on their own.However,at the same time,it does not completely change the traditional family support concept.From the perspective of inter-generational support for economic exchange,the inter-generational resource input makes the rural older male expect the children are able to fulfil their responsibilities and obligations to support their parents.However,for the rural older male with the shortage of support resources,such as low income level,poor health condition and older age,will lead to the negative return way of the rural older male.That is to say,the rigid dependence on the government's social support increases,instead of seeking the resources of the family and themselves to cope with the old-age support problem positively.Third,the objective marriage squeeze has a significant impact on the rural older male's desire for old-age support,the influence of subjective marriage is not significant.From the objective marriage squeeze index,compared with the married men,the older forced male bachelors who suffered the objective marriage were more willing to save money and social support.From the subjective marriage squeeze index,the subjective marriage squeeze did not show a significant impact on the desire for old-age support.It shows,when the subjective feeling of difficulty to marriage becomes an objective fact of unmarried,there is no support from family and children,and there is nothing to do in the traditional family support.The rural older male had to change their old-age support coping style and through their own savings and social support to solve the problem of the desire for old-age support.Fourth,marriage squeeze has a moderating effect on the relationship between oldage resources and old-age support willingness.The objective marriage squeeze,that is,unmarried,has weakened the willingness of older men and less educated men to choose their children to support the rural older males.And the subjective marriage squeeze is the difficulty of feeling married.It also weakens the willingness of rural older men to choose their children's support when they aged.Older,less educated,but still unmarried,the possibility of marriage is declining,and the expectation of family support can't land.While the number of brothers and sisters led to less family resources and support,the difficulty of marriage and the lack of family resources make the men also faced the practical difficulties of marriage,which led to the weakening of the expected family's willingness to provide for them.The findings reveal the impact of the coping resources on the desire for old-age support of the rural older male under the marriage squeeze.Based on the main conclusions of the study,this paper further puts forward relevant policy recommendations in order to promote the attention of the public to the problem of oldage support of the rural older male to a certain extent,and to explore the ways and methods to deal with the dilemma of the old-age support.In order to gradually improve our social security for the old-age,and provide references for govern the negative social consequences of gender imbalance.