Comparative Study Of The Contents Of "Earth And Space Science" In The Science Textbooks Of Chinese And American Primary Schools Grades 1-2 And Development Of Teaching Case

In the “Compulsory Education Primary School Science Curriculum Standards”(hereinafter referred to as the new curriculum standard)newly issued in 2017 in China,New learning objectives for the 1-2th grade of elementary school have been added.With the release and use of the textbooks of the 1-2th grade "Science",in order to make the contents of the textbooks and their teachings better implement the requirements of the new curriculum standards,and on the basis of innovation,promote the current curriculum reform and internationalization of primary school science.This topic is based on the requirements of China’s new curriculum standards as a "ruler",and has studied the field of "earth and space science" in the textbook of "Science" in the 1-2th grade of China and the United States Primary Schools.In the new curriculum standard,13.1 learning content requirements,theoretical basis and textbook comparative research conclusions under the main concept of 1-2 grades in the field are used as the guiding basis,and [Renjiao·Hubei Edition](hereinafter referred to as [Ren·e Edition])The first grade of the book "Southeast and Northwest" has carried out innovative teaching case development and practical exploration and research to realize the simultaneous promotion of the use of new primary science textbooks and teaching research.This study is divided into six parts,as follows:The first part,the introduction.This paper mainly introduces the background of the research topic,literature review,research object and research problem determination,research methods,research significance and innovation.The second part is the theoretical basis of the research.It expounds the basic connotation of doing middle school theory and multiple intelligence theory,and its guiding role in the development of teaching cases.The third part compares the field of "Earth and Cosmic Science" in the textbooks of China and the United States,and puts forward targeted teaching suggestions based on the problems in the current curriculum reform.Through a comparative study of China’s [Ren·e Edition] and the United States[Macmillan Edition],it is found that:(1)Knowledge content:(1)In terms of content selection,the latter is better than the former,both of which have chosen knowledge about natural phenomena,but the latter has increased the interpretation of the laws of nature;(2)In terms of content difficulty,the latter is higher than the former,and many of the latter deepen the natural laws behind natural phenomena,while the former pay more attention to the natural representational knowledge.(3)Compared with the new curriculum standards in China,the latter is better than the former,and most of the latter content can be in good agreement with the content of the school sections required in the new curriculum standards in China;(4)In terms of the cohesiveness of knowledge content,the latter is better than the former.In the latter,the knowledge content of the same subject can show a spiral rise,while the former tends to develop in a straight line.(2)Presentation method:(1)In terms of column presentation,the latter is better than the former,and the latter is rich in categories;(2)In terms of language presentation,the former is more suitable for the language characteristics of Chinese students,and is described by the perspective of children looking at the world;(3)In terms of illustrations,both have photography and painting illustrations,but no electronic textbooks have been developed.Although [Macmillan Edition] textbook(hereinafter referred to as [Mike Edition])is superior to [Ren·e Edition] in terms of knowledge content selection,difficulty,cohesiveness and activity resources,but China’s current national conditions and academic conditions have not yet Reach the requirements of the former for knowledge content and activities.Therefore,it is impossible to mechanically carry out design teaching according to the former arrangement,and should be absorbed and absorbed on the basis of reference to China’s national conditions and academic conditions.Compared with the former,the latter is very childlike and easy to understand in language expression,but such language design is in line with China’s current national conditions and academic conditions.Based on the above conclusions,the following teaching suggestions are proposed:(1)Teaching suggestions for knowledge content(1)Investigate the knowledge content of 1-2 grade science textbooks,and combine the characteristics of students’ psychological development to select the topic content suitable for students at this stage;(2)The teacher conducts a targeted analysis of the situation,selects,designs,adjusts,and supplements,conforms to the national conditions and class content,and realizes the implementation of the textbook content on the new curriculum standard;(3)Improve the relevance of textbooks and curriculum standards,and implement the goals of the school segment;(4)Teachers should strengthen the interface between knowledge content,so that students can form a reasonable recent development zone and advanced knowledge.(2)Teaching advice on the presentation(1)Teachers can use the combination of simulated experimental teaching content and field observation activities to make cognitive content interact with experience activities and enhance learning outcomes;(2)Teachers should appropriately expand the content of the expansion in the teaching process to meet the learning interests of different students;(3)Actively introduce digital resources,develop electronic teaching materials,and provide strong support for self-learning,cooperative learning,and exchange and sharing activities,and flexible use of textbook resources.The fourth part is the development of teaching case design.The fourth part,based on the new curriculum standard,the theoretical basis and the third part of the comparative conclusions,is a rational basis for the "southwest and northwest" lesson in the development of innovative case design and reflection on the teaching design.Based on the reflection of teaching,the following suggestions are proposed:(1)When the teacher arranges outdoor activities,prepare for the activities,and consider the factors of observation of time and weather conditions to ensure the smooth progress of outdoor activities;(2)improve the presentation of extracurricular reading in the study case,organize students to carry out the activities of “I will judge the direction” Students reserve knowledge of the class.The fifth part,teaching practice research.Through the teaching implementation of the two different teaching cases on the same subject,the teaching implementationand evaluation test of two comparable parallel classes are obtained.(1)The two classes are better than the control class in the implementation of the four-dimensional goal of teaching;(2)the experimental class is superior to the control class in implementing the teaching key points and breaking through the teaching difficulties.On this basis,the paper proposes to improve the teaching implementation strategy of this case: 1 design diversified inquiry activities,fully implement the four-dimensional goals;2 combine simulation experiments with outdoor practice,and implement key breakthrough difficulties.The sixth part,the research results and future prospects.This paper summarizes the research results of this stage and reflects on the deficiencies in the research,and puts forward the future research direction and outlook.