Attentional Bias Towards Interpersonal Evaluation Information In Individuals After Thwarting Need For Relatedness

The thwarting need for relatedness will affect athletes' performance.Previous studies have suggested that the impact of the thwarting need for relatedness on sports performance is because the thwarting need for relatedness affects the attention bias,but the previous research has not reached a consensus conclusion on the influence of attention to each component,and there is no research to investigate the trait levels and state levels thwarting need for relatedness in the process of paying attention to time.This study used emotional images in the motion scenarios as experimental stimuli,using the classic dot-probe task and eye tracking technology to explore the trait and state thwarting need for relatedness.The effect of biased component time processes.Previous studies have found that self-esteem can help athletes cope with self-threat.The thwarting need for relatedness is a kind of self-threat.When the athletes encounter the thwarting need for relatedness,the level of self-esteem will affect the athletes how to deal with this self-threat.Study 3 further examines whether the self-esteem can adjust the influence of the relationship demand block on the attention bias by simulating the real motion situation.Experiment 1 was aimed at testing the hypothesis that the impact of the trait thwarting need for relatedness on attention bias.We used a two-factor mixed experiment design with 2(group: the trait thwarting need for relatedness,control group)× 2(relational clue: happy-neutral face pair,anger-neutral face pair),52 professional athletes Participate in the experiment,according to the score of the trait thwarting need for relatedness questionnaire,the subjects are divided into the trait thwarting need for relatedness and control group by dichotomy.The study examined four eye movement data(Direction of eye movement bias,First fixation latency bias,First fixation gaze duration bias,and total gaze duration bias)and behavioral data.The system explored attention orientation,detection time,initial attention maintenance,avoidance,and overall pay attention to maintaining and avoiding.The results show that the trait thwarting need for relatedness athletes' attention mode for acceptance relationship evaluation information is only: early orientation;but the attention mode for rejection relationship evaluation information is: early orientation(directional bias)-early acceleration detection-continuous attention maintenance(attentional avoidance)-late attention to maintain(difficulty in disengaging).Athletes with the trait thwarting need for relatedness are motivated to reject the rejection of information,but do not have the motivation to seek acceptance.Experiment 2 was aimed at testing the hypothesis that the impact of the state thwarting need for relatedness on attention bias.We used a two-factor mixed experiment design with 2(group: the state thwarting need for relatedness group,control group)× 2(relationship clue: happy-neutral face pairs,anger-neutral face pairs),51 professional athletes participated in the experiment Through the network throwing paradigm,the athletes are divided into the state thwarting need for relatedness group and the control group.The dependent variable is the same as experiment one.The results show that the attention patterns of the state thwarting need for relatedness athletes' acceptance information are: early orientation(directional bias)-early acceleration detection-sustained to late attention maintenance(difficulty in disengaging);attention mode for rejection relationship evaluation information is : Early orientation(directional bias)-early accelerated detection-continuous attention to maintenance(attention avoidance)-late attention to maintenance(difficulty in disengaging).The lag of state relationship demand will generate recovery motivation,generate motivation to accept acceptance of admission information,and generate motivation to reject rejection information.Experiment 3 was aimed at testing the hypothesis that the impact of the statethwarting need for relatedness in different levels of self-esteem on attention bias.We used a two-factor mixed experiment design with 2(group: high self-esteem the state thwarting need for relatedness,low self-esteem the state thwarting need for relatedness)× 3(relational clue: happy face,angry face,neutral face)× 2(probe location: consistent,inconsistent).100 football players participated in the experiment,and were divided into high and low groups through the Self-Esteem Questionnaire,and the state thwarting need for relatedness by simulating the real football movement.The results showed that the high self-esteem the state thwarting need for relatedness group had a bias and attention to fixation on the angry face;there was only attention fixation on the happy face;however,the low self-esteem the state thwarting need for relatedness group did not notice the bias toward the happy and angry faces.It is shown that the state need for relatedness of high self-esteem athletes is being resisted by the desire to restore the relationship,and the relationship evaluation information is more likely to produce attention bias.All in all,state thwarting need for relatedness are more closely related to attention bias than the trait thwarting need for relatedness.Under the state thwarting need for relatedness,compared with the low self-esteem athletes,the high self-esteem athletes are eager to recover the relationship demand after being threatened,and the relationship evaluation information is more likely to produce attention bias.This study has certain practical significance for the future training of coaches and athletes.For example,it can provide a platform for high self-esteem athletes to let them recover their own need for relatedness.It can provide a attention bias training for low self-esteem athletes and then improve their relationship with coaches and athletes.