The Influence Of Attention Bias Of Junior Middle School Students On Time Information Words In Intertemporal Decision

In the study of intertemporal decision,when individuals are faced with the choice between delayed reward(Larger–Later,LL)and instant reward(small–sooner,SS),they tend to give greater weight to instant reward due to the existence of time discount(li yan,xu fuming,2015).Students in their teens are in a critical period of self-identity formation.Previous studies have found that attentional bias training and reward bonding training can change the individual's attention pattern and affect the individual's attention choice.In this study,attention-biased training and reward-learning training were used to train junior high school students' cognition of the present and future,and their roles in intertemporal decision were discussed.In the pre-test of the study 1,the participants were required to complete the spatial threat cueing task and the intertemporal decision task first.And then participants complete the dotprobe attentional biases modification task;Finally,the participants completed two tasks of the post-test(same as the pre-test).By comparing the response time of participants to target stimulus in the condition of long time word,short time word and neutral word and the proportion of immediate reward selection,discussed the influence of attention biases modification on individual intertemporal decision.In the pre-test of the study 2,the training task was added to reward factors.First,the participants were required to complete the pre-test tasks,namely the test task before the reward-learning,the spatial threat cueing task and the intertemporal decision task.Then the participants were asked to complete the reward-learning task;Finally the participants completed the same tasks as the pre-test.By comparing the attention biases to words describing the length of time before and after the test and the proportion of immediate reward selection,explored the influence of the reward-learning on individual intertemporal decision.The results showed that the attention bias training made the participants' response time to the short time word significantly shorter than that to the neutral word and the long time word,which led to their attention bias to the short time word.The participants in the long time word training group reacted significantly longer to the short time word than to the neutral word and the long time word,which led to their attention bias to the short time word.Compared with the control group,the participants in the short time word training group were more likely to choose the immediate reward.The percentage of participants in the short time word training group choosing immediate reward in the post-test was significantly higher than that in the pre-test.In the study of the reward-learning,the short-time word connection group's response to the short-time word and neutral word was significantly higher than that of the neutral word,which caused them to avoid the short time word.Although there was no significant change in their intertemporal decision preference,the post-test correlation analysis found that there was a significant negative correlation between the attention avoidance index of long time words and the percentage of immediate reward in intertemporal decision preference.It was found that the attention bias training changed the attention resources given to the time words by the participants,so that the more attention resources given to the short time words by the participants,the more they preferred to choose the immediate reward in the intertemporal decision.The reward connection training changed the attention resources given to the time words by the participants,so that the more attention resources given to the long time words by the participants,the less they would choose the immediate reward in the intertemporal decision.