Comparative Study On Experiments’ Design Of Chinese And American High School Geography Textbooks

With the continuous advancement of the new geography curriculum reform,more and more experts in China pay attention to the geography experiment.Geography experiment teaching is an effective teaching method with intuition,which can help students learn geography better,and help to cultivate students’ creativity and key abilities.Geography experiments are highly valued in geography teaching abroad,especially in the United States,which is more mature in the experimental design of geography textbooks.The number of geography experiments in Chinese textbooks in China is small and designed relatively immature.In daily teaching,some geography experiments are designed for classroom teaching by front-line teachers,but the scientific nature of some experiments cannot be guaranteed.Therefore,this article will propose some inspirations for the experimental design of high school geography textbooks in China through the comparison of experiments in Chinese and American high school geography textbooks.Through consulting the data,it is found that the comparative study of Chinese and American geography textbooks is mainly carried out from two aspects: one is to make a comparison with the same knowledge points;the other is to compare the same modules in textbooks,such as image system,active text,homework system,etc.Regarding the research of geography experiment,foreign countries pay more attention to the design of geography experiment in textbooks.Domestic research on geography experiment mainly concentrates on four aspects: the connotation and principle of geography experiment teaching;the classification of geography experiment;the design of geography experiment;the teaching of geography experiment.The main concern is the experiment in geography classroom teaching rather than the experiment in geography textbooks.The present situation of comparative study of geography experiments in geography textbooks between China and the United States is understood through the method of literature research.On this basis,text analysis,comparative analysis and statistical analysis are used for experiments analysis in Earth Science: Geography,the Environment and the Universe and Chinese geography textbooks.Then make concrete comparative analysis by using comparative model.This paper summarizes the characteristics,similarities and differences of the experiment design of geography textbooks for senior high schools in China and the United States,and finally puts forward the enlightenment to the experimental design of geography textbooks for our country.This paper combs the experiments in Chinese and American geography textbooks with the same content,and combines the classification of Chinese and American geography experiments.According to the different operation modes of geography experiments,the experiments are divided into simulation experiments,chart calculation and interpretation skills experiments,drawing experiments,observation experiments and investigation.Based on the theory of geography teaching material system,experimental comparison between geography textbooks and science textbooks in the existing literature,the model of experiment design comparison in this paper is determined.It is refers to the comparison between surface structure and deep structure.The comparison dimensions are: experimental type and quantity distribution,column setting and organizational form comparison,experimental equipment comparison,experimental illustration comparison,experimental statement comparison,knowledge carrying comparison,intelligent training comparison,and ideological penetration comparison.By using the comparative model to compare the experiments in the geography textbooks between China and the United States,the characteristics,similarities and differences of the design of geography textbooks between China and the United States are summarized.The characteristics of the experiment design of domestic geography textbooks are:(1)the experimental design is relatively simple;(2)the design of geography experiments in different editions of textbooks is different;(3)the emphasis is placed on cultivating students’ concept of human-earth coordination and their ability of geographical practice.The design features of geographical experiment in American textbook are:(1)the number of experiments is large and the types are rich;(2)pay attention to the cultivation of the skills of making,using and interpreting charts;(3)focus on the cultivation of students’ scientific research methods and scientific spirit.The similarities between the two are:(1)the role of experiment is similar;(2)both pay attention to the cultivation of students’ geographical thinking ability.The differences are:(1)The design of experiments in American textbook is better than that in domestic textbooks;(2)The emphasis on intelligence training is different;(3)The emphasis on ideological infiltration is different.According to the characteristics of China and the United States in the experimental design of high school geography textbooks,and combined with the actual situation of our country,the following enlightenments are put forward:(1)in the experiment design of textbooks,the number of experiments should be increased appropriately,the quality of experiments should be improved,and the types of experiments should be improved;(2)the column of geographical experiments should be set up to improve the organizational form of geographical experiments;(3)the openness of experiments should be paid attention to;(4)about the experimental design.,we should pay attention to the cultivation of students’ creativity.The innovation of this paper lies in the innovation of research perspective.In the existing literature,most of the comparisons between Chinese and American geography textbooks only regard experiment comparison as one aspect of textbook comparison,which is not deep enough.The research on geography experiment mainly focuses on the experiment in geography classroom teaching,and a few experimental research in textbooks.Therefore,this paper studies the experiment design of Chinese and American geography textbooks from the perspective of textbook comparison,in order to enrich the research on experiments in geography textbooks,and provide some reference for the experiments of geography textbooks in China.