| With the deepening of population aging,the health problems of the aging society have attracted extensive attention from the country and the society,and the participation of the elderly in sports activities has a positive and beneficial impact on the physical and psychological health of the elderly,at this time,the psychological needs of the elderly in participating in sports activities become crucial.As the main living environment for the elderly,the community,based on the psychological needs of the elderly to participate in sports activities,can better rely on the community to provide sports services for the elderly,and promote the development of sports for the elderly.First,the survey results show that the elderly in the new town community participate in sports activities with a high frequency and a long time.In the selection of activities,a variety of types,mainly to walk,square dance,soft ball and other simple projects;Free parks,squares and communities are the main places for activities.However,the awareness of the elderly in the new town community in sports still needs to be improved.The elderly lack professional sports equipment when doing physical exercise.In this paper,using literature method,interview method,questionnaire survey method,firstly the basic situation of city community has carried on the on-the-spot investigation,and combined with maslow's demand theory as the theoretical basis for compiling questionnaire,survey we new district in Harbin city community of the elderly over the age of 60 participate in sports activities and the psychological needs of participation in sports activities.Secondly,based on the different perspectives of the elderly,the psychological needs of the elderly to participate in sports activities in the new town community were analyzed,and the following conclusions were drawn:1.The young and old people are the majority of the people who participate in sports activities in the new town community.As the age increases,fewer and fewer old people participate in sports activities;There are more women than men in the elderly who participate in sports activities.2.The elderly in the new town community have higher frequency and longer time to participate in sports activities;In terms of the selection of activity items,it mainly focuses on simple items such as walking,square dancing and soft ball.Free parks,squares and communities are the main venues.The sports consciousness and consumption level of the old people in participating in sports activities still need to be improved.3.There are five psychological needs for the elderly to participate in sports activities in the new town community: health care needs,leisure and entertainment needs,social affinity needs,identity and respect needs and self-actualization needs.Among them,health care needs are the highest,followed by leisure and entertainment needs,social affinity needs and identity and respect needs,followed by self-actualization needs.4.The age,education level,living condition and income of the elderly all have an impact on the psychological needs of the elderly to participate in sports activities.The level of psychological needs of the elderly who participated in sports activities with the team was significantly higher than that of the elderly who did not participate in sports activities with the team,indicating the importance of participating in sports teams for the elderly to participate in sports activities and meet their needs.5.Restrict the elderly to participate in the activities of sports psychological needs to satisfy factors are: the cognitive level of self physical and mental status and physical exercise,participate in sports activities of self-efficacy,social and cultural guide sports values,social support from family and community,community venues and facilities,sports management,psychological and physical monitoring system,natural environment and public opinion environment.6.According to the present situation of the old people participating in sports activities in the new town community and their psychological needs,this paper proposes to broaden the expression channels of the old people's sports psychological needs.To meet the diversified sports psychological needs of the elderly,the elderly sports psychological needs as the standard of community sports activities;Based on the sports psychological needs of the elderly,the public service system of community sports should be established with the cooperation.The system covers the infrastructure,organization and management of sports activities,guidance,publicity,physical and psychological monitoring and other Suggestions. |
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