The Construction Of Social Entities Under The Vision Of Epistemology

The ontological status of social entities as the basis for the existence of social sciences has always been one of the most important issues to be discussed by the social sciences since the emergence of social sciences,because it involves the foundation of the existence of social science.From the point of view of emergencism,since the very beginning,there are always been two tit-for-tat arguments on this issue: on the one hand,the strong emergents represented by Jaegwon Kim in power deny the real existence of the almost all real body except for some basic physical entities,and believe that all the realities can be decomposed and reverting to the lowest level.The worst thing is that he eliminates the rationality of all scientific sciences except basic physics,including other natural sciences and all social sciences;on the other hand,the other emergents provide a theory which we call the new emergents,represented by Mario Bunge believe that the new structure shows some kind of properties that its components do not have,and thus the new structure can be considered as a new entity because it cannot be simply restored to its components,and therefore cannot be eliminates from the really world easily.This theory establishes the rationality of the existence of general science and social science,but brings some other problems,which are very difficult to handle and not being very self-conform as this paper is about to show.So,is the general science entity and social entity a real entity? What exactly the entity is? Here,the ancient metaphysical question of "what is the entity?" once again enters our field of vision.The one of the purpose of this paper is to analyze the nature of natural entities and social entities from the perspective of emergent theory through concrete analysis of social entities and natural entities.The second purpose of this paper is to defend the rationality of social entities and social sciences,uncover the true face of what the entity is.This article is consists of four thematic discussions.The first part of this paper gives a detailed explanation of the paper's topic,theme,outline and writing significance of the thesis,and briefly introduces the background knowledge involved in each four topic,and then focuses on the arguments of the strong and weak emergent theory,introducing both strong emergents and weak emergent theory,introduce the arguments and viewpoints of the strong emergent theory and the weak emergent theory on the entity.The commentator's different positions on the question of "what is the entity",and analyzes the inadequacies of each of the two theories,and argues that "there is no unified entity construction standard of all the time",that we should therefor turn research's attention shifts from the question of “what an entity really is”,to the question of “why do we need all those entities”.Finally,it is pointed out that the ultimate goal of this thesis is to try to reveal the relationship between "social entities" and "natural entities".In this paper,it is argued that both social entities and natural entities are the products of human interpretation activities.Both social entities and natural entities serve the needs of human beings to explain the world,thus they do not have an essential difference,which is important for us to understand the nature of social entities and natural entities too.This has important effects on ontology and epistemological significance.The second part of this paper list and analyze many examples of natural sciences and social sciences in detail,therefor demonstrates the purpose of human entity construction behavior,and then revealing that why people need entities,why must there be entities but not anything else.The root cause of the entity's ability to interpret our world is the combination of entities and their attributes.The explanatory power of natural and social science comes from the combination of entities and their attributes,both entities and their attributes is indispensable.Once the entity and attribute groups break down,we will no longer be able to explain the world by constructing entities and attribute groups.At that time we will find that independent entities and attributes are both incomprehensible,and even beyond our imagination.The third part of this paper extends this rule from the natural world to social entities and lists many examples from different social science branches.It believes that social entities are the same as natural entities,and they are also the product of human interpretation activities.The explanatory power of social entities also comes from the combination of entities and attributes,just like natural entities do,and thus demonstrate that there is no essential difference between a social entity and a natural entity.The fourth part of this paper elaborates that in addition to constructing entities,constructing facts is also an means of explaining natural and social science phenomena,as important as constructing entities.The use of physical interpretation of phenomena is only part of the many methods that natural science and social science uses to explain the world,and a large part of scientific phenomena are explained by natural and social facts.The combination of multiple entities and their attributes has become a reality,which constructing a network of interpretations,greatly enhancing the explanatory power of the theory,and making natural and social scientific theories cover much more complex interpretations of phenomena.Explaining phenomena with facts rather than entities is not only found in the social sciences but also in the natural sciences.Therefore,this paper proposes to abandon the metaphorical meaning of “reality,existence,concreteness”and so on,and return to the phenomenon itself.After discarding the metaphor brought to us by the word entity,we can find that social entities and natural entities are in fact the same thing,and they are all “central items responsible for phenomena.”The conclusion part briefly summarizes the innovations and deficiencies of this paper in writing.