The Applications Of Self-Made Teaching AIDS For Physical Optics In Junior Middle School

In order to fulfill the fundamental task of cultivating people by virtue,the Ministry of Education has put forward the concept of core literacy for Chinese students' development.What students learn in school is not dead knowledge,but essential character and key ability to meet the needs of life-long development and social development.In physics,students are required to form physical concepts,experience the process of experimental exploration,cultivate scientific thinking and innovation ability,and form scientific attitudes and sense of responsibility towards science and technology application.The accomplishment of these teaching objectives is inevitably dependent on teaching aids and instruments,which is determined by the characteristics of physics.In particular,self-made teaching aids can not only help students understand knowledge and form physical concepts,but also cultivate students' creativity and practical ability,and play a good supporting role in physics teaching.Physics teachers' self-made teaching aids are the process of improving their abilities and promoting their professional development.Through research and development,it is found that foreign countries attach great importance to the application of self-made teaching aids and low-cost experiments in physics teaching.Especially in some developed countries in Europe and America,it is normal to use self-made teaching aids to do physics experiments in physics teaching.Their teachers are trained in the skills of making experimental teaching aids and innovating.In China,although there are many studies on self-made teaching aids,the application of self-made teaching aids and innovative experiments in physics teaching is not as flexible and extensive as that in foreign countries,and teachers lack the ability and accomplishment in this respect.Through literature review and school visits,it is also found that the improvement and innovation of optical teaching aids in junior high school is less.It is necessary to improve and develop optical teaching aids in junior high school.Therefore,the optical part of junior high school is selected to design,manufacture and apply teaching aids.Firstly,the concept of self-made teaching aids is clarified,and the basic requirements,principles and processes of self-made teaching aids are given.On this basis,according to the current teaching situation and the research and analysis of textbooks and curricula,firstly,aiming at the shortcomings oflaboratory teaching aids,we have made light reflection inquiry teaching aids,refraction inquiry teaching aids,analogue myopia,hyperopia and correction teaching aids,etc.Secondly,in order to enrich students' perceptual knowledge and stimulate students' interest in learning,I have made some examples into teaching aids.Such as:experience spear fish situation teaching aids,"illuminate the room" situation teaching aids;third,according to the physical principles,design innovative small experiments and small production,such as: glass demonstration of reflection and refraction on the water surface of the small experiment,magic money box,magic turntable small production,etc.In order to better use self-made teaching aids to implement the cultivation of students' literacy,students are also allowed to participate in self-made teaching aids,and lead students to design and manufacture light plane mirror imaging inquiry teaching aids together.Students are also allowed to make small experiments and small-scale production with common objects in their lives,and to cultivate their hands-on and innovative abilities by making teaching aids by themselves.After teaching practice of self-made teaching aids in a class of a junior middle school in Yantai,I interviewed physics teachers and students in the practical class.From the interview results,the use of self-made teaching aids in physics teaching is conducive to improving students' learning effect,stimulating students' interest in learning physics,and playing a positive role in the cultivation of students' core literacy.Finally,I also give some suggestions for the problems in the practice of self-made teaching aids.