| Long-term endurance exercise is often accompanied by fatigue,which causes the body to produce a series of oxidative stress reactions that affect its ability to exercise.Astaxanthin,as a natural strong antioxidant,plays an important role in quenching free radicals.The liver acts as a metabolic organ of the body and plays an important role in the metabolism of nutrients.Metabolomics was used to analyze the mechanism of astaxanthin resistance to fatigue from small molecular metabolites in the liver.Objectvie: To investigate the effects of natural astaxanthin on the metabolism of small molecules in the liver before and after fatigue in rats by nuclear magnetic resonance 1H metabolomics.Methods: Forty-eight male rats were randomly divided into control group(group C),administration group(M group),exercise group(group E),immediate group after exercise(EMj group),and group 12 hours after drug administration.Eight rats in each group(EM12h group)and 24 h group after exercise(EM24h group)were administered with 6.6 mg/kg astaxanthin for 21 consecutive days.The rats exercised for three consecutive weeks to increase the fatigue induced exercise.The rats were sacrificed immediately after exercise,12 h and 24 h,and the liver was quickly taken out for cryopreservation.The liver samples were homogenized,centrifuged,etc.,and placed in a nuclear magnetic tube for NMR data acquisition and processing.The Mest Re Nova software SIMCA-P11.0 and SPSS22.0 were used.Statistical analysis was performed,combined with P and VIP values,and the significance of the one-way variance Levene homogeneity test was used to find metabolic differences.Results:(1)Compared with group C,leucine,proline,acetic acid,glutamic acid,glutamine,oxidized glutathione(P<0.01),alanine(in group E)were compared with group C.The concentration of P<0.05)increased significantly,and the concentrations of betaine(P<0.05)and taurine(P<0.01)decreasedsignificantly.(2)EMj group compared with group M,leucine,valine,alanine,glutamine,oxidized glutathione,succinic acid(P<0.01),3-hydroxybutyric acid in rat liver The concentrations of jaundice and glutamic acid(P<0.05)increased significantly,and the concentrations of creatine,glycerophospholipid choline/phosphocholine(GPC),taurine,and adenosine diphosphate(P<0.01)decreased significantly.(3)Compared with the E group,the concentration of uridine diphosphate and adenosine diphosphate(P<0.05)increased in the EMj group,and the concentrations of succinic acid(P<0.05)and fumaric acid(P<0.01)decreased significantly.(4)The concentrations of leucine,proline,acetic acid(P<0.01)and glutamic acid(P<0.05)in the liver of the EM12 group were significantly lower than those in the EMj group.(5)Compared with EM12 group,the concentration of oxidized glutathione(P<0.01)in the liver of EM24 group increased significantly,and the concentration of uridine diphosphate(P<0.01)decreased significantly.(6)Compared with EMj group,the concentrations of leucine,proline and acetic acid(P<0.01)in the liver of EM24 group decreased significantly,and the concentrations of oxidized glutathione and taurine (P<0.01)increased significantly..Conclusion:(1)Fatigue exercise accelerates the metabolism of fat and amino acids in the liver of rats,and cause liver damage.(2)Supplementation of astaxanthin reduce the utilization rate of tricarboxylic acid in the liver of the body,promote the decomposition of fat,and improve the body's ability to exercise.(3)The amino acid metabolism of the branched chain in the liver of rats with astaxanthin was weakened 12 hours after exercise,and the body wascompletely recovered after 24 hours. |
PDF Full Text Request