Research On The Structure And Current Characteristics Of Chinese College Students' Critical Thinking Tendency And Its Relation With Family Environment And School Diversity Experience

Critical thinking tendency is an individual characteristic with important social adaptation function.The research on critical thinking tendency of college students is not only an important subject of the ability development and social adaptation of college students in China,but also an objective need of carrying out education and teaching reform and improving the talent cultivation system in universities.At present,the research on critical thinking tendency of college students in China is still in its infancy,with few research results,few empirical studies and few localized measurement tools.Therefore,based on the existing achievements at home and abroad,this study aims to compile a questionnaire suitable for contemporary college students in China through interviews.Then,through current situation investigation and relationship research,the characteristics and related factors of critical thinking tendency of college students are understood,so as to provide theoretical reference for the cultivation of critical thinking tendency of college students.This study is divided into the following two parts:The first part: On the basis of theoretical review,the theoretical framework is constructed,and the interview outline is set up based on the theoretical framework.An initial questionnaire on critical thinking tendency of college students was developed through an open interview with 43 college students and content evaluation of 19 psychology professionals(professors,doctors and postgraduates).The snowball sampling method was used to determine the formal questionnaire among 598 college students.The second part: 2060 college students were surveyed with the self-compiled Questionnaire of Critical Thinking Tendency of College Students,the Family Environment Scale(FES-CV)and the School Diversity Experience Questionnaire.The results show that:(1)The self-designed questionnaire on critical thinking disposition of college students consists of 54 items and 9 factors,which has good reliability and validity.Nine factors are: truth seeking,curiosity,openness,analytical,systematic,persistent,independent,reflexivity and self-confidence.(2)College students' critical thinking tendencies are in the middle level as a whole.The highest score of the nine factors is truth seeking,and the lowest score is self-confidence.(3)There are significant differences in different demographic variables of College Students' critical thinking tendency: The level of critical thinking tendency of male students is significantly higher than that of female students;The critical thinking tendency of junior and senior students is significantly higher than that of freshmen and sophomores;The critical thinking tendency level of college students in project 985 is significantly higher than that in project 211,general four-year university and four-year college;The level of critical thinking tendency of "engineering and technical science" students is significantly higher than that of "medical science" and "humanities and social science" students;The level of critical thinking tendency of college students from urban sources is significantly higher than that of those from towns and villages;The critical thinking tendency of college students with "higher" family income level is significantly higher than that of other types of students;The critical thinking tendency of parents with "college education and above" is significantly higher than that of other types of students.(4)Independence,organization,success and knowledge are positively correlated with college students' critical thinking tendency,and school diversity experience is positively correlated with college students' critical thinking tendency.School diversity experience plays a mediating role between family environment and college students' critical thinking tendency.