Family Background Of Minority Students And Access To Higher Education Opportunities

With the state's emphasis on higher education and the further expansion of University enrollment,Xinjiang's ethnic minority higher education has also been unprecedented development.The level of higher education development of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang not only affects the speed of economic development in the region,but also deeply affects the friendship and unity among ethnic groups in Xinjiang.An in-depth analysis of the impact of family capital on the equality of access to higher education for ethnic minority families is of great significance to promoting the equity of higher education for ethnic minorities and promoting the long-term development of higher education in ethnic minority areas and the unity among ethnic groups.Based on the theory of family capital,this paper divides family capital into three dimensions: economic capital,cultural capital and social capital.Among them,economic capital is measured by family's monthly income,cultural capital is measured by parents' educational background,parents' attention to their children's schooling before entering school and parents' intimacy,and social capital is measured by parents' occupational type.Taking stratified purpose sampling method as a means and considering the requirements of the research on the types of universities,two 211 undergraduate universities in Xinjiang,namely Xinjiang University,Shihezi University,and three ordinary public undergraduate universities,namely,Tarim University,Xinjiang Agricultural University and Kashgar University,were selected as the main subjects of the survey.Based on the data analysis of 862 valid questionnaires,the following conclusions are drawn: firstly,there are significant differences in the types of college entrance for ethnic minority students with different levels of economic capital,and the higher the level of economic capital,the better the college entrance for ethnic minority students;secondly,there are significant differences in the types of college entrance for ethnic minority students with different levels of cultural capital,and their parents are higher education.Ethnic minority college students of the past are more likely to enter "211" engineering colleges and universities.Finally,there are significant differences in the types of entering universities among ethnic minority college students with different social capital classes.The better for ethnic minority college students whose parents are in the advantageous class.On this basis,this study explores the reasons for the differences among the ethnic minority enrollment classes,which can be divided into two parts: the regional differences and the quality differences of basic education,and the different types of family capital affecting the enrollment of ethnic minority children.Based on the above findings,according to the actual situation in Xinjiang,this paper puts forward several suggestions and countermeasures,such as increasing investment in basic education in poor areas of Xinjiang,formulating preferential policies relative to vulnerable groups,simplifying grant loan procedures,and improving parents' information awareness,in order to promote the healthy and equitable development of higher education for ethnic minorities in Xinjiang.