Comparative Study On The Competitive Level Of Chinese And Foreign Women's Vaulting

Women's competitive gymnastics is divided into four events: horse vault,uneven bars,balance beam and floor exercise.Horse vault has always been the weak event of women's gymnastics in our country,which affects the competition performance of women's groups in our country and is also an important link to improve the performance of women's groups in our country.Therefore,improving the competitive level of women's horse vault in our country is the focus of the development of women's gymnastics in our country.By using the methods of literature,expert interview,video observation and mathematical statistics,this paper analyzes the two jump movements,the difficulty value,the completion quality and the total score of the top 8 athletes in the 47 th,48th World Championships and the 13 th National Games,and finds out the gap between China and foreign women's horse vault events.It provides scientific theoretical basis and practical guidance for improving the training and development of women's horse vault in China.The results of the study are as follows:(1)Under the background of the new rules,the 2017 edition of the women's vault rules adds a lot of deductions,refines the special points,adds the dynamic deduction points and increases the deductions of the second take-off body posture,stipulates that the second take-off rotation degree is not accurate to reduce the movement,modifies the calculation method of the score,reduces the difficulty value of the action on a large scale,and makes the development of the three types of movements more and more balanced.(2)Based on the one-factor variance analysis of the results of the three competitions,it was found that there was no significant difference in the difficulty scores of the three competitions(P>0.05),but there was significant difference between the 13 th National Games and the 47 th World Championship in the comparison of the completion points of the third National Games and the 47 th World Championship,but there was no significant difference between the other two groups(P>0.05).There was significant difference in the total scores of the 13 th National Games and the 47 th World Championship between the 13 th National Games and the47 th World Championship,but there was no significant difference between the other two groups(P>0.05).(3)Nowadays,most of the female vault athletes use straight body to complete the movements,the choice of action types is inclined to the front hand flip movement,the choice of round-off sub-movements is decreasing year by year,and the use times of the original movements are gradually increased.From the combination of the two-jump action types,the two-jump movement types of Chinese athletes are mainly the front hand flip type and the original type,while the other two kinds of movements are less used.The two-jump movement types of foreign athletes are mainly front-hand flip class and Tsuka original class,front hand flip class and round-off subclass,as well as round-off sub-hand flip class and sub-turn 180 °class.(4)Through the analysis of the competitive results of the three competitions,it can be found that the average difficulty of two jumps of Chinese elite female athletes is 5.7 points,and that of foreign elite female athletes is 5.9 points,but no one in our country can use the difficult movements("Cheng Fei jump")in the international competition,which shows that Chinese athletes can not master the high difficulty movements.Thus it can be seen that the gap between Chinese and foreign athletes in horse vault technology is still obvious.The completion points of Chinese athletes are quite different from those of foreign athletes,mainly due to the lack of power of Chinese athletes,resulting in the lack of the second take-off height,so the completion points of Chinese athletes are quite different from those of foreign athletes.It is impossible to complete the action with high quality in the air,so as to affect the stability of landing,and the second takeoff posture is poor,and there are many points deducted,which seriously affects the completion quality of the action,thus affecting the final performance of the competition.(5)The women's horse jumping technology mainly innovates the second emptying action,and innovates the movement by changing the second emptying type(front and rear cavitation),body posture(straight body,flex,body)and increasing the degree of rotation to innovate the movement,which shows that the innovation law and the direction of the women's horse jumping will be changed in the second air change,which will continuously increase the difficulty of the second emptying.The difficulty and innovation are the development trend of women's horse jumping project in the world in the future.The conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)By comparing the 2013 edition and the 2017 version of the women's vault horse rule,it is found that the 2017 version of the women's vault horse rule brings great changes to the women's vault movement technique,greatly reduces the difficulty of the round-off subclass movement,and distributes the high difficulty movement in the front hand flip class,the original type and the round-off subclass movement,andpromotes the balanced development of the three types of movements.(2)The difficulty points,completion points and average total scores of the three competitions are gradually increasing,and the difficulty points,completion points and total achievement standard differences of the three competitions are gradually decreasing,which indicates that the movement difficulty value and movement completion quality of athletes in various countries are gradually improving,and the gap between athletes is gradually narrowing.(3)The types of movements selected by female jumpers tend to the front hand flip and the original movement,and the round-off movements are gradually reduced.The two jump movements of Chinese athletes are mainly the front hand flip class and the Tsuka original type,the two jump movements of the foreign athletes are the front hand flip class and the grave original class,the front hand flip class and the round subclass,as well as the round-off sub-hand flip class and the round-off 180 °class these three kinds of combinations,the two-jump movement of the foreign athletes is the front hand flip class and the Tsuzuka original class,the front hand flip class and the round-off subclass.(4)The value of movement difficulty of female vault athletes is rising,and the quality requirements of action completion are also gradually increasing.Chinese athletes have little difference from foreign athletes in the difficulty of action,but there is a huge gap between Chinese athletes and foreign athletes in the quality of action completion.(5)The development trend of women's horse vault is to continuously improve the value of movement difficulty and the quality of action completion,to innovate the movement technology of horse vault,and the innovative direction of women's horse vault is to make the second take-off action more difficult and innovative.