Research On The Development Of Vocational Education In The Great Depression Of The United States

The Great Depression was a difficult and dark period for ordinary Americans,as was the development of vocational education in their country.While economic globalization brings great opportunities to China's economic development,it also brings unexpected dangers.To study the development of vocational education during the Great Depression in the United States can not only make up for the lack of research in this field,but also provide reference for China's vocational education to deal with possible crises.This study consists of the following four chapters.The first chapter discusses the overall development of vocational education in the United States before the Great Depression.Before the Great Depression,the United States had already established a funding system for high and secondary vocational education.The Smith-Hughes Act established a special federal vocational education committee at the federal level.At this time,American vocational education is in a steady development stage.The second chapter discusses that in the early days of the Great Depression,millions of people lost their jobs and fell into poverty.The American youth were especially hard hit by the Great Depression.The federal government has taken a series of measures quickly,including Hoover and Roosevelt's actions to cut down the funding for vocational education.Roosevelt merged the Federal Vocational Education Commission with the U.S.Education Office in order to improve office efficiency and save expenses,thus affecting the development of some types of vocational education in some areas.The third chapter studies a series of New Deal institutions formed by Roosevelt in response to the Great Depression.These New Deal relief agencies have made innovative efforts in the field of vocational training by providing relief to unemployed young Americans and unemployed workers who are out of school through work for the dole.These include job training provided by the Public Works Administration,the Federal Emergency Relief Agency,the Civilian Conservation Corps,works progressadministration,and the Civil Engineering Agency.During this period,the funds authorized by Smith-Hughes Act and George-Reed Act were reduced by two years.However,through intensive lobbying by the American Professional Association and various sectors of society,the Smith-Hughes Act restored all federal funding and subsequently provided additional funds through the George-eliezer Act and the George-Dean Act.The fourth chapter reflects on the reasons why the American profession can continue to develop in such a difficult period.First of all,we cannot ignore the economic attribute of vocational education itself,which is the basis for its sustainable development during the Great Depression and also the guarantee to ensure that vocational education will last for a long time in the long history.Secondly,temporary measures during the New Deal period are an effective way to enrich vocational education in schools.Coexistence of vocational education inside and outside schools is the guarantee to enrich the forms of vocational education.Finally,the resistance of vocational education institutions and groups ensures the continuous development of vocational education.Cultivating vocational education interest groups is also one of the important guarantees for the stable development of vocational education.