| In recent years,the status of sports industry in national economic development and social civilization progress has been highlighted.A series of policies have been issued by the state,which provides a good policy environment for the development of sports industry.Before the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games,the state mainly developed sports business,and the sports industry mainly served for the Olympic strategy.Although sports began to be industrialized and marketed in 1980 s,the real industry status was established after 1990 s.Especially after the twenty-ninth Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008,China's sports industry policy guidance has been obviously turned,and in the last ten years(2008-2017),it has turned obvious,whether it is in the ideological and ideological level,or in the development focus.The process of sports industry policy changes and its characteristics and reasons are discussed,and it is positive for better grasp the law of development of sports industry policy,the internal structure of relevant policies and the mechanism of innovation and operation,the scientificity and effectiveness of further improving the policy making of sports industry,and even for the development of other industrial development policies areof positive significance.The article mainly uses the research methods such as content analysis,literature method,historical research,mathematical statistics and so on.Based on the theory of institutional change,industrial economy and sports industry,this paper focuses on the sports industry policy of China in the year of 2017 to 2008,and analyzes the changes of China's sports production policy.The main conclusions are as follows:Conclusion 1: Based on the characteristics of the sports industry policy orientation,the Chinese sports industry policy after the Beijing Olympic Games in2008 is divided into two stages: the first stage: the adjustment policy and the standard development period(2008-2012).At this stage,the government conducted a macro planning guidance for the sports industry,and issued the guiding opinions for speeding up the development of sports industry.The sports industry began to return to the mass sports from competitive sports.The policy on national fitness was the best embodiment,and increased the financial expenditure for the national fitness activities.There are also some policies to adjust the relationship between the government and the market,such as encouraging private capital and social capital to invest in sports industry.In order to strengthen the management of the national sports industry base,on the basis of the classification of the sports industry,the sports administrative department strengthens the regulation and management of the sports industry market operation through the sports industry policy.The second stage: innovation policy,encourage development period(2013-2017).Under the background of comprehensively deepening the reform,the sports industry has also been reformed,especially the implementation of "separation of management and operation" for football.In addition,the trend of industrial convergence has been strengthened.The State Council has issued guidelines for the integration of sports industry and other industries to expand the space for the development of sports industry.In the sports industry,some innovative incentive policies have been introduced to guide the development policy of sports industry,such as water sports industry,ice and snow industry and other sports specific projects.Sports industry policy has been developingfor several decades,playing an important role in promoting the development of sports industry.Conclusion 2: In accordance with the principles of principle integrity,authority,relevance and emphasis,the policy samples are strictly contrasted and screened in the Legal database of Peking University,the official website of the national sports administration and the database of laws and regulations of Chinese knowledge network,and 214 sports industry related policies are finally obtained.Among them,there are 6 laws,36 administrative regulations,166 departmental rules,1 group regulations,and 5 industrial regulations.Through the overall quantitative analysis of the 214 sports industry related policy texts since 2008,it is found that the number of sports industry policies in 2008-2017 years has been increasing year by year,and there is a trend to continue to increase.From the changes in the number of annual policy languages,departmental rules and the most,annual quantity fluctuation.The most obvious characteristics of sports industry's policy subjects from simplification to diversification reflect the trend of integration of sports industry and other industries.To ensure the accuracy of thematic words in sports industry policy,32 policies closely related to sports industry development from 2008 to 2017 were carefully selected from 214 documents.By using the word frequency statistics function of Qing Bo big data,a visible "word cloud map" is formed.Through the visual analysis of the policy key words,we found that sports and pension,cultural creativity,design services,education and training,tourism,media,exhibition,advertising,film and television,health and other forms of integration trend are obvious.In terms of the use of policy tools,there are great differences in the use of policy tools in sports industry policy.Among them,environmental policy tools are used too much and have been widely used.The proportion of the use of demand and supply type policy tools is decreasing,and the sports industry policy is still missing in the aspects of government procurement,sports service outsourcing,sports trade control and so on.Conclusion 3: Using the theory of discontinuous balance,the theory of multi-source flow,the theory of advocating alliance and the theory of institutional change,such as the mainstream theory of policy changes in foreign countries,combining theexisting achievements of the academic circles,integrating the dynamic factors of change,constructing the dynamic analysis framework for the change of sports industry policy.After a comprehensive analysis,it is found that after the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games,the change of sports industry policy is driven by the internal and external dynamics.External dynamic factors include: changes in the economic situation,changes in the political situation,changes in the social situation and other policy areas.In terms of the internal dynamic factors,the sports industry and its serious changes,the improvement of the policy makers' attention to the sports industry,the enhancement of the feasibility of the solution,the feedback of the negative effect of the policy,the game of the stakeholders,the change of the concept of the target group and so on.Among them,the feedback of negative policy effect,the game of stakeholder,and the change of the concept of target group are the subsystems of internal power,not the necessary conditions for the policy change.But acting on the internal main system can accelerate policy change.The sports industry will change under the problems of sports industry policy,the improvement of the attention degree of the sports industry policy makers and the enhancement of the feasibility plan of the three parties.In a word,under the combination of internal and external dynamic factors,the sports industry is playing an increasingly important role in the transformation of national economy,the adjustment of industrial structure and the demand for the public to diversify.Conclusion 4: On the basis of the quantitative analysis of the sports industry policy text,it can be found that the trend of China's sports industry policy is mainly manifested in the following aspects: the number of policies continues to increase.This is the most significant embodiment of the government's policy support for the sports industry,and the policy content system is richer and more perfect.This is not only reflected in the classification policy of the sports industry,but also in the improvement of the relevant policies of the sports industry projects;the policy emphasis is more prominent and the main measures are more pertinent.This is related to the government's positioning for the development of sports industry.The development priorities of different periods are different.The promotion of policyeffectiveness will enhance the local driving role.Under the guidance of the national policy,the local government will carry out the implementation of the sports industry policy and promote the development of the sports industry in accordance with the local resource advantages.The policy goal will be more practical and scientific and quantified.This is the result of the continuous exploration and reflection of the development practice of the sports industry,so that the policy target can be more consistent with the country.The situation is more closely related to reality and the number of policy subjects is increasing.The increase of policy subjects reflects the complexity of policy cooperation networks,breaking barriers and communication between departments.The development of the sports industry can not be separated from the macro background of the national development,and the development of the national strategy and the development of sports industry can broaden the development space for the sports industry.In order to grasp the law of sports industry policy operation and development,draw on the theory of system regulation and control,construct the mechanism map of sports industry policy,and put forward the optimization suggestions of China's sports industry policy system: first,we should grasp the core concept of sports development and make clear the overall position of the sports industry.The top level of the sports industry is designed by the state.In the policy level,the industry is leading the development of the industry.The key of the sports industry is the positioning of the sports industry.Second the system mechanism should be innovating to form the policy incentive and restraint mechanism.The former sports management system has been unable to adapt to the needs of the present development.Under the background of the comprehensive deepening of the reform,through the innovation of the system and mechanism,the leading role of the sports market is fully played.The government maintains appropriate intervention and adjustment,and can create a relaxed environment for the development of the sports industry;third the sports industry should be actively constructed.Ecology,continue to improve the sports industry policy system.The development of the sports industry directly determines the sustainable and healthy development of the industry.Through the gradualimprovement of the policy system to adjust the industrial layout,it is bound to be able to form a good sports industry ecology;fourth should pay attention to the optimization of policy guidance and coordination,dynamic follow-up and benign interaction evolution.The industrial development is a dynamic process,and the sports industry policy needs to keep pace with the times,carry out the policy guidance and interactive evolution according to the different conditions of different periods,and keep the feedback and reflection constantly.Through the continuous evolution and optimization of sports industry policy,the policy is scientific,reasonable,standardized and efficient. |
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