Research On The Dilemma Of University Students' Entrepreneurship And Policy Improvement From The Perspective Of Collaborative Governance

With the popularization of higher education in China,the number of college graduates in China has increased rapidly,reaching 8.6 million by 2019.Domestic economic growth has slowed down,and the market is in a painful period of industrial restructuring.All kinds of enterprises have laid off workers and the number of jobs has shrunk.In order to solve the problem of the mismatch between supply and demand in the employment market of College students,the government has put forward the call of "mass entrepreneurship,innovation among all people",encouraging the groups mainly of college students to actively carry out independent innovation and entrepreneurship.The tide of globalization and the advent of the era of knowledge-based economy have accelerated the enthusiasm of college students to start their own businesses.But with it,more and more serious problems have been exposed.What are the supporting policies that college students need in their entrepreneurship? How to improve the success rate of College Students' entrepreneurship? How should the relevant policies for college students be adapted?This paper takes this problem as an entry point to conduct in-depth research,that is,to try to introduce the concept of "collaborative governance" from the policy level,and find out the solution to the problem of College Students' entrepreneurship difficulty and low success rate of entrepreneurship.This study tries to establish a multi-subject collaborative governance system for college students' entrepreneurship through the research and discussion of the dilemma of College Students' entrepreneurship and policy suggestions.On the one hand,it hopes to arouse the attention of academia to process problem solving,paying more attention to the transformation of entrepreneurship success rate while improving entrepreneurship rate;on the other hand,it also hopes to arouse the attention and support of the whole society for college students' entrepreneurship and deepen the social identity of "entrepreneurship and innovation by all people",realizing the multi-cooperation and collaborative governance of entrepreneurship support system.This study collects relevant information through the combination of quantitative survey and qualitative survey.Taking Nanjing as an example,the researchers visited ten local universities and conducted a questionnaire survey on entrepreneurship College students,and interviewed 10 relevant personnel,including entrepreneurship College students,graduated entrepreneurship college students and entrepreneurship Park staff.This on-the-spot investigation shows the current situation of the entrepreneurship policies of Nanjing government and universities,shows the various dilemmas existing in the process of entrepreneurship of current entrepreneurship Collegestudents,and reveals the realistic situation of the current government,universities and society in solving the dilemma of entrepreneurship of College students.Based on the collected data,this paper summarizes four main types of entrepreneurship dilemmas.The first difficulty is the shortage of funds.Facing the mature enterprises in society.The disadvantaged innovative enterprises of university students often fall into short-term capital turnover failure in the process of development,while the government's financial support does not cover such needs.The second kind of dilemma is the shortage of talents.This kind of predicament mainly concentrates on high-tech industries and industrial manufacturing industries which rely more on high-quality talents,resulting in stagnation of enterprise development.The third type of dilemma is market shortage.The original mature enterprises in the market often rely on rich experience,resources and connection to exclude the innovative enterprises of university students from the product market.And another key to the problem is that innovative enterprises do not grasp the pulse of market demand.The last dilemma is the insufficient quality of entrepreneurs.College students who have been in the ivory tower for a long time have experienced high-intensity examination-oriented education in their growth stage,but neglected the cultivation of their ability to resist pressure,innovate and communicate with others.The lack of their ability has seriously weakened the level of enterprises to cope with risks.In view of the exposed problems,this paper chooses to analyze the causes from the perspective of "collaborative governance".It points out that the government system,the education system and the social system all have the situation of lack of synergy and chaotic governance.In the inter-departmental collaborative system within the government,There are problems of the unsystematic entrepreneurship policy in the absence of the supreme coordinator among actors and the non-sustainable entrepreneurship policy under the different objectives of actors.Inside the education system,there are some problems,including the lack of coordination among the main actors,the lack of coordination between colleges and universities,and the lack of coordination between universities and compulsory education.In the social synergy system,single participants lead to low policy coverage,and the ambiguity of the positioning of the action subject makes the support effect polarized.This paper puts forward countermeasures to solve these problems,and tries to put forward feasible policy suggestions for the establishment and improvement of the collaborative governance system of College Students' entrepreneurship from the perspective of government,education system and society.Within the government,the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security takes the lead in forming an action team for entrepreneurship support,which coordinates the overall situation,and organizes relevant departments such as banks,banking regulatory commissions and business departments to take measures to dredge financing channelsfor entrepreneurship and product sales channels.Coordinating the education system,The educational department guides the orderly collaboration within and among colleges and universities to achieve the rational flow of resources,and builds the compulsory education stage into the basic stage of entrepreneurship education,focusing on the cultivation of innovative thinking and innovative ability of modern students.The society should accelerate constructing a diversified cooperative governance system,by leading into various kinds of voluntary associations,At the same time,the society needs to guide the society with public opinion,so as to provide a good supporting environment for college students' entrepreneurship.