Research On The Influence Of College Enrollment Expansion On Income Distribution Gap In China

Since the reform and opening up,China's rapid economic growth has attracted worldwide attention,but with the rapid economic development,some problems have gradually become prominent.Among them,one of the most social and academic concerns is the widening of income distribution gap.The emergence of this problem increases the risk of China's economy falling into the "middle-income trap",which will not only adversely affect the further development of China's economy,but even seriously affect social stability.According to the modern human capital theory,human capital investment can affect individual productivity and thus their income level,and the most important factor of human capital investment is education,and different levels of education have different effects on income distribution,the group with higher education years has greater influence on income distribution gap.Therefore,this article from our country introduced in 1999 increased enrollment in colleges and universities,this paper studies overall income distribution gap in our country,select the provinces(municipalities directly under the central government,autonomous regions),1998-2017 enrollment expansion of colleges and universities and the relevant data such as residents' income gap,and select the level of enrollment expansion of colleges and universities,the degree of social development and technological progress level variables as a threshold,the enrollment expansion of colleges and universities to study the influence of the residents income distribution gap.Based on the rational choice theory and compensation theory,screening theory as the theoretical basis,the human capital,a concept definition of enrollment expansion of colleges and universities and the residents income distribution gap,on the basis of analyzing the present situation of enrollment expansion of colleges and universities in our country and the residents' income distribution,further analyze the enrollment expansion of colleges and universities for the residents income distribution gap between the three mechanisms.Provincial panel data from 1998 to 2017,for example,using threshold regression model to empirically the enrollment expansion of colleges and universities in our country's impact on income distribution gap,respectively,with the enrollment expansion of colleges and universities degree,the degree of social development and technological progress level as threshold variables,analysis with enrollment expansion of colleges and universities when different variables for the threshold changes impact on income distribution gap.Study found that: first,the enrollment expansion of colleges and universities of our country the gap of income distribution has significant relief,with improvement of higher education expansion degree of relief,and through the "enrollment expansion of colleges and universities-education fair-income distribution gap",and "enrollment expansion of colleges and universities-urbanization-income distribution gap" and "enrollment expansion of colleges and universities-technology-the income distribution gap" three mechanisms play a role.Second,the impact of college enrollment expansion on income distribution gap in China varies with the level of social development and technological progress.The continuous increase of social development will continuously strengthen the mitigating effect of college enrollment expansion on income distribution gap in China,while the mitigating effect of technological progress on income distribution gap caused by college enrollment expansion increases first and then decreases.Based on this,the author puts forward four countermeasures and Suggestions.First,promote the connotative growth of higher education to promote educational equity;second,increase the promotion of higher education funding for low-income families;third,adjust the college enrollment expansion policy in order to fit the regional development reality and avoid blind expansion;fourth,improve the labor market system to promote the flow of senior talent market.