Whether The Gender Imbalance Will Affect Housing Demand?

Since the reform of China's housing monetization system in 1998,the housing demand of residents has been greatly released.In addition,during this period,China's population gender structure,especially the sex ratio of marriageable age,was faced with a serious imbalance,leading to the increasing competitive pressure of men in the marriage market,and the "bargaining" power of women in marriage was also on the rise.Therefore,based on the increasingly prominent gender imbalance and high housing demand in China,this paper explores the relationship between the two phenomenon in order to provide new explanations for the continuous rise of housing prices and the inefficiency of housing regulation policies.Based on the sex imbalance will affect demand for housing as a research theme,this paper puts forward two core theory in the support of status seeking theory,marriage theory of economics,life cycle hypothesis and precautionary savings theory.And from the two perspective of macro and micro using the data from the provincial level and family level to do empirical analysis.Firstly,this paper used the panel data of 31 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions in China from 2005 to 2018 to investigate the impact of gender imbalance on housing demand from the provincial level through the fixed-effect model.The total sample was divided into eastern,middle and western regions for sub-sample regression to explore whether there is regional heterogeneity in the impact of gender imbalance on housing demand.Secondly,at the family level,this paper uses the 2017 Chinese household finance survey data(CHFS)and logit model to investigate whether the gender proportion of boys in Chinese families has an impact on the asset holding of multiple housing units in the case of gender imbalance.The total sample was divided by family size,Education level of householder and area region to explore whether there is individual heterogeneity in the influence of the proportion of boys on the ownership of multiple family houses.In addition,the proportion of girls in the number of children and the influence of the number on the demand for family housing were further studied,so as to verify the behavioral tendency of the family's preference for "buying property for boys" from the side.Based on the empirical test,this paper draws the following two conclusions:first,based on the characteristics of housing as a status commodity,the sex imbalance will lead the male family to purchase house in order to improve their competitiveness in the marriage market,resulting in the increase of housing demand;Second,the function of housing as a signal carrier will be affected by regional economic differences,and the more developed the economy is,the greater the impact of gender imbalance on housing demand.According to the research conclusion of this paper,in order to realize the rationalization of China's population gender structure and promote the healthy and stable development of the housing market,the following three Suggestions are put forward:first,improving policies to encourage and support two-child births,then gradually promoting a balanced gender structure;Second,weakening the status of housing commodity property,to ensure that people have house to live in;Third,adopting different housing regulation policies in light of different local conditions.