Research On The Cultivation Of Primary School Students' Mathematical Abstraction Ability

The highly abstract nature of mathematics and the plight of students in learning mathematics in reality show that the improvement of mathematical abstraction ability is of great significance to students' mathematics learning.The proposal of mathematical literacy in core mathematical literacy has also made more and more people aware of the important role of mathematical abstraction cultivating.However,research data show that the research object of mathematical abstraction ability is concentrated in junior high school and less involved in elementary school.Elementary school is a key period for the development of students 'abstract thinking.The cultivation of students'ability in mathematics is conducive to providing new ideas for promoting students 'mathematical learning and thinking development,allowing students to maintain their enthusiasm for mathematics and reduce the phenomenon of two-level differentiation of students' mathematics learning in elementary school and junior high school.On the basis of extensive literature review,this study takes the fourth grade students of L Experimental Primary School in W City,H Province as the research object,and comprehensively uses a variety of research methods such as test paper tests,classroom observations,and interviews to investigate the students' mathematical abstraction ability.Use SPSS statistical software for data processing,analyze the problems and reasons in the development of fourth-year students 'mathematical abstraction ability,put forward suggestions on the training of mathematical abstract ability,and promote students'mathematical learning.The survey found:(1)From the overall survey results,the overall development of mathematics abstraction ability of fourth grade students is better,but there are great differences among-students.(2)From the perspective of gender,according to the test results,the overall mathematics abstraction ability of the fourth grade boys is slightly higher than that of the girls,but the difference in the mathematical abstraction ability of the boys is significantly higher than that of the girls.Using SPSS 25.0 to perform independent sample t tests on the overall mathematical abstraction ability of male and female students and the abstraction ability of different dimensions,the results show that there is no significant difference in mathematical abstraction ability of male and female students in general.Except for differences in abilities,none of them were significantly different.(3)From the specific situation of the different structural dimensions of mathematical abstraction,fourth graders have better abstraction ability in the three dimensions of abstraction of graphics and geometry,abstraction of mathematical symbols,and exploration of mathematical laws.Abstraction of mathematics concepts,mathematics The development of abstraction ability is relatively poor in the establishment of the model,the abstraction ability is the lowest in the extraction of problem strategies,and there are many problems in the development of mathematical abstraction ability in different dimensions.The study found that the following problems exist in the training of pupils'mathematical abstraction ability:the existence of inaccurate grasp of the essence of the concept;the problem solving methods are cumbersome and the abstraction does not produce the essence of the problem;the mathematical knowledge is not solidly grasped;Step up.The reasons for the problems are as follows:concept teaching tends to the concept of assimilation;general and general teaching of "quick merits and shortcomings";lack of effective training,students have less analogy,association,generalization and other activities;scattered knowledge,lack of systems,etc.In order to promote the development of students' mathematics abstract ability,they can be cultivated from the following aspects:Consolidate students' mathematical knowledge base;Give students sufficient time for exploration;Carry out effective teaching of mathematical concepts;Use information technology to visualize abstract knowledge;Attention to the coordinated development of other mathematical abilities.