| In China,the college entrance examination assumes the functions of talent selection and class mobility.Therefore,the physics college entrance examination directly guides physics teaching in middle schools,and it has a clear guiding effect on the choice of teaching methods and teaching resources.The college entrance examination,as an important evaluation and diversion method,should examine the students' problem-solving ability based on the perspective of physics discipline literacy.The SOLO theory divides the physics test questions of the college entrance examination into four levels of thinking from low to high-a single structure level,Corresponds to different levels of students' problem solving ability.This study analyzes the new curriculum standard VolumeⅠ(National Volume B),new curriculum standard Ⅱ(National Volume A),new curriculum standard Ⅲ(National Volume C),Beijing volume and Jiangsu Volume from 2010 to 2019 through SOLO theory.The college entrance examination physics papers are compared vertically in the same area for 10 years,Comparing the physical examination papers of college entrance examinations in different regions horizontally,thereby enriching the research related to the physics college entrance examination.Through analysis,this study draws the following conclusions:The longitudinal analysis of the physical examination papers for the college entrance examination in each area was carried out,and the trend of the SOLO distribution of the examination papers in each area was obtained.The requirements of the new curriculum standard Ⅰ,new curriculum standard Ⅱand new curriculum standard Ⅲ on the level of ability,except for individual years,present a two-year cycle,which is difficult to alternate easily and has a small fluctuation range.The capacity level of Jiangsu volume has fluctuated in a small range,rising and then falling,and it has stabilized after 2017;the volume level of Beijing volume from 2010 to 2017 has a small overall fluctuation,and it will rise in 2019 after a slight decline in 2018.Starting from 2016,a horizontal comparison of five sets of test papers is conducted each year.The data shows that the new curriculum standards Ⅰ(National B),Ⅱ(National A),and Ⅲ(National C)are mainly at the R level and the M level.There are no E-level questions,and the knowledge points are mined in depth,but the contextuality and novelty of the test questions are not outstanding.The Beijing volume and Jiangsu volume are mainly M-level,focusing on comprehensive inspection of knowledge points.The E-level questions in the Jiangsu paper have high requirements on the ability to solve physical problems with mathematics.The Beijing volume has been trying to make E-level propositions,which puts higherrequirements on students' physical modeling ability.In general,the Beijing volume is the most comprehensive and innovative,and it is very close to the teaching concept proposed by the new curriculum standard.In the context of the new college entrance examination,combined with the characteristics of the college entrance examination physics test papers,this article proposes some optimization strategies for the college entrance examination propositions: Cleverly arrange the proportion of the R level,strengthen the comprehensiveness of the test questions;explore the design of the E level question types,pay attention to the openness and innovation of the test questions;grasp the rationality of the SOLO level distribution,which is conducive to the selection of talents of different levels in colleges and universities..In classroom teaching,we can also start from three aspects,and strive to achieve the educating function of physics teaching: to ensure the grasp of physical concepts and laws in the context of realistic problems;to enhance the comprehensive use of knowledge points on the basis of improving the breadth of knowledge;In the process of improving problem-solving abilities,promote the achievement of high-level core literacy in physics. |
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