Design And Application Of Self-made Teaching Aids In Mechanics Demonstration Experiment For Junior High School

Physics is a subject based on experiments.Demonstration experiments in physics teaching could not only help students understand the concepts and laws,meanwhile,grasping the research methods of physics,but also promote the ability of innovation and practice.Teaching aids are the carrier of demonstration experiments.Choosing the right teaching aids according to the actual condition of students can yield twice the result with half the effort.The self-made teaching aids by use of common items in daily life will not only improve students' interest in learning,but also deeply understand that physics originates from life.We have done some efforts on how to make and use the teaching aids,and improve teaching effectiveness effectively.In this study,we mainly focus on the design,making and application of teaching aids in demonstration experiments in Physics for junior high school.Firstly,the author investigates the situation of application of self-made teaching aids in several junior high schools in Hangzhou,through the methods of literature analysis and research,questionnaires,class observation and interview.The results indicate:(1)Experimental effect of some self-made teaching aids in mechanical demonstration experiments not obvious,therefore,the low participation rate;(2)Making the mechanical teaching aids is difficult and take time,and the utilization factor of teaching aids is not high;(3)There is no corresponding experiment or teaching aid for some difficult understanding mechanical concepts.Taking into account the actual teaching conditions,application principles of selfmade teaching aids and relevant theories,we give some implementation strategies as:(1)Focus on the demonstration process in combination with projection screen(2)“Enlarge” the demonstration results by using DIS technology;(3)Distinguish the primary and secondary knowledge,and apply modern technology reasonably;(4)Change the design and application strategy of teaching aids to achieve multiple uses;(5)Encourage students to participate and improve teaching efficiency;(6)Use the transformation method skillfully to improve the use of teaching aids;(7)Create and apply teaching aids purposefully.Then,the author analyzes "gravity demonstrator","multifunctional teaching aids" and "Pascal cracked bucket teaching aids" in detail from the viewpoint of the background,design ideas,production and characteristics of the teaching aids.Then,combine with the experience of practice teaching,the author gives some cases of applying self-made teaching aids to mechanical demonstration experiments.In order to find deficiencies,two equivalent classes were selected as experimental and control classes for comparative experimental teaching.Finally,the author draw a conclusion of the application of self-made teaching aids in Physics for junior high school,and gives corresponding suggestions for the problems occurred in the actual application process.