The Effect Of 10-Week Aerobics During The Recess On Fitness And Executive Function Of Middle School Students

Purpose:Physical fitness and EF are the two core factors that influence the development of adolescents' physical and mental health.BMI,strength and cardiopulmonary fitness have correlation with EF.The development of physical fitness and EF in adolescents between the ages of 12 to14 is in a sensitive period.It is important to seek effective means of improvement during this period.MVPA improve physical fitness and EF levels.At present,adolescents during compulsory education stage participate MVPA is mainly concentrated in schools.Recess has the characteristics of normalization,institutionalization and systematization,and it can be guaranteed both in duration and frequency.Aerobics has the advantages of easy to control intensity,suitable for group exercises and loved by adolescents,etc.It is suitable for Recess.Based on this,this study selects Aerobics as a sports intervention program and conducts a 10-week intervention during the Recess to observe the effects of the physical fitness and EF of different BMI middle school students aged 12 to 14 years,in order to provide objective basis for promoting the development of physical fitness and EF of middle students in the future.At the same time,it also provides a certain reference for the promotion of the project as a form of Recess physical activity in schools and the development of new intervention programs by other researchers.Methods:The 146 students aged 12 to 14 in Shanghai Lansheng Fudan Middle School were divided into IG?74 students?and CG?72 students?.According to the gender and Chinese obesity working group set overweight and obesity screening standards,the two groups were further divided into normal-weight and overweight&obese male/female group.The IG completed 10 weeks of self-made Aerobics exercise 4times a week for 15 minutes each,and the exercise intensity controlled at 64%-85%HRmax;The CG participated in the regular physical activities during the Recess organized by the school,with the same time,frequency and cycle as the IG,and the exercise intensity?63% HRmax.The Polar OH1 was used to monitor the heart rate of the two groups.Before and after the intervention,physical tests?height,weight,grip strength,vertical jump,seated forward flexion,50-meter run and 20 m SRT?and executive function tests?inhibition,updating and switching?were completed.SPSS21.0 was used for statistical analysis.The two groups of physical and EF pre-test data were analyzed by independent sample T test for homogeneity.The differences between the two groups of physical and EF pre-test and post-test differences were measured by repeated measures ANOVA analysis.Results:There was no significant difference in the physical fitness and EF between the two groups before the intervention.After the 10-week Aerobics exercise intervention:?1?In terms of body shape,The time effect and interaction of the overweight&obese girls in the two groups were significant?p<0.05?.A further simple effect analysis found that:The differences in BMI and waist of girls in the IG weresignificantly reduced?p<0.05?,there was no significant change in the CG,and no significant difference between IG and CG after intervention.?2?In terms of physical quality,The time effect and interaction in the two groups were significant?p<0.05?.A further simple effect analysis found that:there were significant differences in vertical jump and 50-meter run in the IG?p<0.05?.The CG had no significant changes.The difference between the two groups was significant after the intervention?p<0.05?.?3?In terms of physical functions,The time effect and interaction in the two groups were significant?p<0.05?.A further simple effect analysis found that: the 20 m SRT laps and VO₂ max of the IG were significantly different?p<0.05?.The CG had no significant changes.The difference between the two groups was significant after the intervention?p<0.05?.?4?In terms of inhibition function,The time effect and interaction in the two groups were no significant.there was no significant difference between IG' and CG'inhibition function response time,and no significant difference between IG and CG after intervention.?5?In terms of updating function,The time effect and interaction in the two groups were significant?p<0.05?.A further simple effect analysis found that:the updating function' response time of the IG was significantly different?p<0.05?.The CG had no significant changes.The difference between the two groups was significant after the intervention?p<0.05?.?6?In terms of switching function,The time effect and interaction in the two groups were no significant.There was no significant difference between IG' and CG'switching function response time,and no significant difference between IG and CG after intervention.Conclusions:?1?After the 10-week of aerobics intervention during the Recess can improve cardiopulmonary endurance,lower limb strength,and speed in students aged 12 to 14.In addition,it has a weight loss effect on overweight&obese girls.?2?After the 10-week of aerobics intervention during the Recess can improve the updating function level of 12 to 14 year old students.