Comparative Study Of Chinese And Japanese School Physical Education From The Late Qing Dynasty To The Meiji Period(1840-1912)

In the middle of the 18 th century,China and Japan were both feudal nations in Asia.They were facing military and cultural invasions from Western powers at the same time,and were forced to start their rescue plans with the "Western Movement" and "Meiji Restoration" as their starting points.Although the late Qing government adopted a series of reform measures,it failed to save the perilous situation.Instead,it gradually declined.On the other hand,Japan at this time rapidly rose through modern political reforms.Modern education and modern times in the process of reform and reform The rapid development of school sports has had a profound impact on China's modern education and sports,especially school sports.During the late Qing and Meiji periods,school sports in both countries were also in the early stage of modern school sports.Due to the influence of the "teacher day boom" in the late Qing period,school sports in China and Japan were very similar in terms of system and content,but their implementation effects However,they are very different,which is closely related to the different social backgrounds,cultural traditions,politics,economic development conditions and educational environment of the two countries.This research uses research methods such as literature data method,expert interview method,historical research method,and comparative research method to sort out and analyze the development history of school sports in the two countries in the late Qing and Meiji periods,and to compare and analyze the historical background of the two countries.Find out the similarities and differences in the development of school sports in the two countries and their causes,and draw enlightenment to the development of school sports in China.Studies suggest that:1.The Meiji period was the beginning of modern Japanese school sports.School sports underwent four stages of development: the "School Order","Education Order","School Order",and "School Order".School physical education mainly includes physical education courses and extracurricular sports activities.The physical education curriculum mainly includes military gymnastics and light gymnastics.Japan is a rich country and a strong soldier.It attaches great importance to the development of school sports.Reform and economic development have provided a solid foundation for school sports.The advancement of modern education has directly promoted the establishment of a modern school sports system.The Meiji period was the beginning of physicaleducation in Japanese militaristic schools,with special emphasis on the military role of physical education.2.In the late Qing Dynasty,China was in the midst of national peril.The Qing government established a new education system and actively studied school sports in Japan.Affected by the trend of military nationalism,the school's physical education class also focused on military gymnastics.Although it is close to Japan in terms of form and content,the implementation effect is very different.In the context of the "teacher day" boom,China learned school sports from Japan,but mostly used "Chinese sports and Western sports" as its guiding ideology,but simply studied Japanese forms of gymnastics,did not learn its educational thoughts in depth,and established relatively comprehensive In the school sports system,this one-sided "bringing doctrine" made school sports less effective in the late Qing Dynasty.3.The school sports of the two countries in the late Qing and Meiji periods were in the early stage of modern school sports.They faced similar era backgrounds when they were founded,they had similar developments in school sports,and school sports showed obvious tool characteristics.At the same time,there are differences in school sports between the two countries,such as the importance they attach to school sports,the way gymnastics is introduced,the development of extracurricular sports activities,and the effect of school sports implementation.The reason is related to the different political changes,economic situations,military pursuits,traditional culture and strategies of school sports reform in the two countries.4.Comparative study of Sino-Japanese school physical education in the late Qing and Meiji periods and its enlightenment on the reform of modern school physical education in China: Japan attached great importance to the national physique and the development of school physical education during the Meiji period,which made school physical education important for the country's strength and the improvement of national physique.effect.This enlightens us that in order to strengthen our country,special attention should be paid to sports and school sports;Meiji Japanese school sports have obvious tool characteristics,and using school sports as an effective means of military preparatory education for students has affected the normal development of school sports itself This inspires us to attach importance to school sports,but we ca n't treat school sports completely as a military or political tool.In this way,it affects the normal development of school sports.School sports are part of education and part of training all-rounded people.This is the school.The mostfundamental nature of sports;learning and introducing foreign school sports can't be "swallowing jujubes." It should be thoroughly considered and thoroughly inspected to make it useful to me.