Repetition Or Differentiation

Research objective:motor variability is an inevitable problem in the repetitive process of motor skills.Studies have shown that it is not always better to have more training load,and that in the case of fatigue and unwarranted movement quality,too much repetition can lead to the effect of reinforcing the wrong movement and causing unnecessary injuries.Differential training is a method of motor skill learning and training by adding noise in the form of random components in the target movements and using a large number of random ordered changes in the movements.Studies on open motor skill such as handball,basketball,volleyball and hockey show that differentiated training has higher skill acquisition rate and retention effect than recombination training.The purpose of this study is to prove through experiments whether the differentiation training method has the same efficient acquisition rate and retention effect on the closed sports skills such as traditional bow and archery,and it is hoped to enrich the application research of the differentiation training method and enrich people's practical cognition of the movement variability.Research objects and methods:a total of 45 college volunteers from Shanghai institute of physical education and nearby universities were recruited as experimental subjects.All participants were beginners in traditional bow archery.Before the experiment,the total ring value of 72 arrows in two rounds of all participants were tested.According to the pre-test results,the participants were randomly divided into two groups with the same level,namely,the experimental group?23 people?and the control group?22 people?.In the experimental process,the participants of experimental group was trained by adding 42 kinds of random sequences of varying actions,and there was no action correction during the training process.The participants of control group was trained according to a standard movement,and the training process was accompanied by the correction of wrong movements.After 4weeks of training,the test was carried out,and after 2 weeks of suspension,the retention test was carried out.Training and testing were carried out at a distance of 10meters,with a full ring of 60cm diameter target paper.Finally,40 people completed the experiment,20 people in the experimental group and 20 people in the control group.The total ring value of 72 arrows and the number of arrows hit the yellow heart were recorded.The results were expressed as mean±standard deviation and independent sample t test was used for baseline comparison.The comparison of the two groups of subjects'archery performance included the change of time into the category of comparison,and adopted the two-factor repeated variance test.The time and training method were two independent variables,and the performance of archery was the dependent variable.The improved performance after 4 weeks of training and the changed performance after 2 weeks of suspension were analyzed by one-way anova.Results and analysis:1.The interaction between groups and time had no statistically significant effect on the total score of archery(F_?2,18?=2.08,P=0.15).The influence of time factor on the performance of archery was statistically significant?F?2,18?=106.2,P<0.001?.The difference between the archery results after 4 weeks of training and before training was statistically significant?P<0.001?,with a difference of 164.98?95%CI:141.63¹88.32?.There was no statistically significant difference between the archery results after two weeks of training suspension and those after 4weeks of training?P>0.05?,but the difference was 2?95%CI:-17.96²1.96?.2.There was a significant difference between the improved score of the experimental group?187.2±61.46?and the improved score of the control group?142.75±76.51??F=4.1,P<0.05?.There was no significant difference between the experimental group?0.4±58.76?and the control group?3.6±49.51??F=0.035,P>0.05?.3.The posttest fixation time of the experimental group was mostly controlled within 3 to 5 seconds,and the consistency was better than that of the control group.After the suspension,the stationary time of participants in the experimental group was more stable and consistent.Conclusions and recommendations:Conclusion?1?this experiment applies differential training to traditional archery for the first time,and the results show that differential training has a higher learning efficiency than repetitive training.?2?the maintenance effect of the two approaches on motor skills is relatively stable.There was no significant improvement in the experimental group and no significant decrease in the control group,which was different from the results of previous studies on open motor skills.?3?differential training can better improve the consistency and stability of fixation time in traditional archery for beginners than repeated training.Suggestion?1?the non-training distance test should be increased in the future studies,and?2?the effect of differential training methods on high-level athletes should be further studied.