Research On Biology Teaching Design And Practice In Senior High School Based On First Principles Of Instruction

The first principles of instruction(also known as the "five-star teaching model" or "five elements teaching principle")is a well-known American scholar Professor M.David Merrill(M.David Merrill),who has refined many teaching design theories and methods.Basi c content It can be summarized as five major teaching strategies that focus on the complete tas k,and also cover the four effective teaching stages of “activating old knowledge”,“showing n ew knowledge”,“applying new knowledge”,and “integration and integration”.Corollary,that is,there are 15 sub-elements.The primary teaching principle not only pays attention to the te aching process,but also pays attention to the learning process and psychological development of the learner,which shows the guiding significance of practice.Based on the analysis of the current biology teaching background,reflections on the teaching effect of biology classroom,and the second-generation teaching design proposed by Merrill,the author takes the first princ iples of instruction as the theoretical guide for high school biology teaching design,and aims t o build a good effect and efficiency Biology classrooms with high levels of participation and s atisfaction.Based on the first principles of instruction,the teaching design and practical research of s enior high school students use the literature research method,content analysis method,action research method,paper-based test and questionnaire survey method,and statistical analysis m ethod to conduct research.The research method of literature is used to sort out the theoretical basis of the first principles of instruction,the current status and connotation of practical resear ch at home and abroad,and the concepts and main elements of instructional design.The conte nt analysis method is used to select comprehensive and appropriate high school biology teachi ng content,which is the research choice The teaching design of the compulsory three "steady state and environment" chapter 5 "Ecosystem energy flow" of the general textbook of the seni or high school curriculum is designed for teaching.The process of instructional design includ es analysis of instructional content,learner analysis,focusing on complete tasks,designing tea ching ideas,instructional process design,and instructional evaluation design.Select two non-significant classes in the practice school through the action research method,set experimental c lasses and control classes,respectively,to conduct field teaching practice;after the teaching pr actice,use the questionnaire survey method to conduct a questionnaire survey on the learning achievements of the two classes,And conduct paper and pencil tests on knowledge to collect data;use SPSS 20.0 to statistically analyze the obtained paper and pencil test data to perform i ndependent quadratic T tests,and Excel 2019 to collect data from the questionnaire to obtain experimental results.Through the analysis and evaluation of the experimental results,high sc hool biology teaching based on the first principles of instruction has a positive effect on helpi ng students master the knowledge,clarify teaching goals,increase learning interest,and partic ipation in learning.The self-learning ability also has a certain promotion effect;the author fin ds that in the teaching process guided by the first principles of instruction,teachers need to pa y more attention to help learners complete learning tasks in order to achieve corresponding tea ching effects.Finally,the author reflects on the shortcomings of the current high school biolog y teaching design and practical research based on the primary teaching principles,and propos es corresponding improvements.