Research On Potential Of Rice Production In View Of Technical Inefficiency

Food security occupies a very heavy strategic position at any time in any country,because it is directly related with basic welfare of the people's livelihood,the country's stability and development.With our country entering the new era,the urbanization and industrialization further people to escalate the structure of food consumption and China's own grain market will be likely to have supply-demand gap.Rice is a grain variety eaten by the most Chinese,so its adequate supply is a key to ensure food security in China.The research on how to further tap potentialities of rice production is of both theoretical and practical significance.Most previous studies about this topic are on the perspectives of natural science,but in this article the author will research it on economics in order to release potential of rice production from improving the growing way and efficiency.In this dissertation,based on some modern economics theories and the stochastic frontier analysis model,the factor that affects potential release of rice production is divided into factors inputs and technical efficiency,and the author tries to build a complete framework to study the two parts respectively.Firstly the situation of rice planting in Hubei Province is selected as research object and introduced in the macro view.Then the micro panel data of rural fixed observation in Hubei Province from 2009 to 2011 are used to test that there is inefficiency on rice farmers,and based on the result stochastic frontier production function model is built,on the one hand to estimate the input factors' impact on rice yield,and on the other hand to analyze some factors that affect technical efficiency of rice production.The result shows: Firstly,as one of major producing provinces,Hubei has some bright characteristics on rice production,and most farmers there choose the cropping methods about paddy field ripening twice and hybrid middle-season rice as major cropping variety,and many of them tend to enlarge the size of their rice land with mechanization there at a high level generally;Secondly,the average technical efficiency(TE)of rice production is likely to be between 75.9%--79.0%,and the TE has no obvious change among the analytical years,and technical transition of Hicks-neutral with negative effects makes the rice production decrease by 2.14% per year;Thirdly the output elasticity of land factor and agricultural capital factor are larger and positive,but the output elasticity of labor factor is not positive;Lastly,on the technical efficiency,the rate of household operation income(in which income of growing rice is not included)has negative impact,while the rate of other crops area and the education level of the household head have positive impacts,and government subsidy has no significant effect.In view of the research conclusions above,there exists some adjustable space on the structure of input factors and technical efficiency in order to improve potential of rice production.As the operating scale of land now is far from optimal,the government can establish some platforms,like land transfer service center to reduce information cost,promote the land transfer and the larger-scale planting,as well as to vigorously popularize mechanization as the supporting measures,which can enhance the production in the present stage;If the government wants to improve rice yield by some agricultural subsidies motivating the farmers,it should improve precision of these policies.To encourage the diversification of agriculture works on improving technical efficiency of grain production;Increasing investment on the rural education will also be an effective way in the long term.