Study On The Productivity Of Chinese Paddy Rice From 1996 To 2004

Since 1996, our country grain price has continued murkily, the grain seed area and the output all had the drop, which causes the grain exportation of our country dropped rapidly, the stock reduced, the supply and demand hastens tightly, the grain security problem becomes more and more serious. How to enhance the output of grain is an urgently problem to solve. In a long-range, the increase of cultivated area in our country is limited, we can enhance the per unit area yield of grain to meet the demand. The factors, which influence the increase of per unit area yield of grain, may probably include three kinds, the first is the investment of essential, the second is the advancement of technology, the third is the technical efficiency. But now, it is hard to increase the output that depends on the investment of essential, the technology advancement is difficult to break through, therefore, the calculation of technical efficiency and its the influence factor of grain, especial the rice which takes largish proportion has the vital significance in raising our country grain production level.Generally speaking, the researchful method of technology efficiency can divide into the economy gauging device and mathematics plan method. The model mainly includes the definite front and the stochastic front function. This article uses the stochastic front production function model (Battese and Coelii, 1995) to estimate technical efficiency of paddy and find the factors which affect technology efficiency of paddy.The result indicated that it has a certain efficiency loss in the production of paddy rice. The technical efficiency of indica(The average technical efficiency stays in 0.90-0.93) rice is higher than japonica rice(The average technical efficiency is 0.88). In the factors which affect the technical efficiency of paddy rice, the investment of the chemical fertilizer could increase properly in the production of japonica rice, while the investment of the chemical fertilizer is suitably in the production of indica rice. In the later agricultural production, we can adjust the usage of chemical fertilizer, increase the usage of organic fat, keep the output of paddy rice with steady enhancement. Because the labor force boundary technical is very small, we must speeds up the labor migrant to enhance the labor productivity and increases farmer's income, simultaneously we must prevent the farmer's backflow because of the price rise of grain. As a whole, there is no technology advancement of paddy rice in 1996-2004, instead of certain technology regress, but it may exist certain technology advancement in certain years. The technical efficiency is obvious undulation between the paddy rice production years and diffident between the provinces. The factor influencing the technology efficiency of paddy rice indicates that the enhancement of effective irrigation rate and the expansion of land scale are helpful to the enhancement of technical efficiency. The regressive result indicate that the enhancement of average education has adverse effect to the technical efficiency, because the labor force with good education egresses, therefore, we should enhance farmer's education, who is engaging in the production of paddy rice, which is propitious to the application of new technology and the generalization of new varietal paddy rice. With the development of economy, we should put out part of funds to support the agriculture, to return the agriculture, enhancing the quantity and quality of produce, developing highly effective and qualitative agriculture, enhancing the competition of produce, maintaining continuable development of agriculture.