Spatial Patterns And Formation Mechanism Of Rural Poverty In Fenghuang County,Hunan Province

China's rural areas still have a population of 43.35 million in the present,the deep poverty,the wide coverage and the difficulty of combating poverty is the top priority to solve the problem of poverty.With the development strategy of national targeted poverty alleviation,the problem of poverty in rural areas has become a hot topic in many fields.This article selects Fenghuang county of Hunan province as a case study and choosing village area scale as the research unit.By comprehensive using the method of Natural Breaks?Exploratory regression analysis,Neighborhood analysis and OLS regression analysis and geographical weighted regression analysis,and so forth.The spatial pattern and formation mechanism of rural poverty in Fenghuang county were discussed in turns,meanwhile,the proposed poverty alleviation policy and poverty alleviation mode are put forward.Specific research conclusion is as follows:(1)The spatial patterns of poverty in the village scale.The rural poverty in Fenghuang county on the village scale has the spatial stability,showing the distribution characteristics of the northwest to the southeast gradient,and the incidence of middle and low poverty and the incidence of middle poverty are the highest.The global Moran's I value is greater than 0.48,showing a strong spatial dependence feature,and the H-H type area is the poverty trap area,which is concentrated in the north and northwest of Fenghuang county,including the HeKu town?LiangLin town and the LaerShan town.The further analysis shows that the overall poverty level of Fenghuang county is alleviated,and it also presents the"diminishing effect" and the "isolated island effect" of poverty alleviation.(2)The impact factor analysis of spatial patterns.Quantitative models showing:the significant factor in the element of point is the distance from the county center,the coefficient is positive,and the poverty effect shows the decline of the county center at the center of the county;The significant factor in the line element is the distance from the main road,and the incidence of poverty increases by 0.26 percentage points for every 1km increase,while the poverty effect is reduced by the"S308,G56" and other major highways.In the planar factor,the influence coefficient is from large to small in order per capita cultivated area,per capita forestland area,slope and elevation,and the effect of per capita cultivated area on poverty is shown to be higher than that in the north and east,and in the west,the average per capita forest area has a high value area for the poverty-stricken areas.The average slope shows a decline from southeast to northwest,and the average height has a circular distribution structure.(3)The action mechanism of poverty space.From the perspective of geographic basic elements,the spatial pattern of rural poverty in Fenghuang county is formed by the influence of natural geographical conditions,economic and traffic location and resource endowment.At the same time,the poor efficiency of traditional farming income,the hindrance of migrant workers and the transfer of income from transfer income are the microscopic mechanism of the formation of poverty space.(4)The policy suggestions and pattern selection for poverty.The hard policy is supposed to focus on strengthening the road infrastructure construction,industrial infrastructure construction and land improvement in poor villages.The soft policy should focus on strengthening skills training,labor export training,providing financial policy support and industrial insurance.In the meantime,we should carry out and innovate characteristics of rural tourism poverty alleviation mode,agricultural industry poverty alleviation mode,financial poverty alleviation mode and the ability to drive poverty alleviation mode.